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A hybrid nonlinear vibration energy harvester

机译：混合非线性振动能量采集器

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摘要

Vibration energy harvesting converts mechanical energy from ambient sources to electricity to power remote sensors. Compared to linear resonators that have poor performance away from their natural frequency, nonlinear vibration energy harvesters perform better because they use vibration energy over a broader spectrum. We present a hybrid nonlinear energy harvester that combines bi-stability with internal resonance to increase the frequency bandwidth. A two-fold increase in the frequency bandwidth can be obtained compared to a bi-stable system with fixed magnets. The harvester consists of a piezoelectric cantilever beam carrying a movable magnet facing a fixed magnet. A spring allows the magnet to move along the beam and it provides an extra stored energy to further increase the amplitude of vibration acting as a mechanical amplifier. An electromechanically coupled mathematical model of the system is presented to obtain the dynamic response of the cantilever beam, the movable magnet and the output voltage. The perturbation method of multiple scales is applied to solve these equations and obtain approximate analytical solutions. The effects of various system parameters on the frequency responses are investigated. The numerical approaches of the long time integration (Runge-Kutta method) and the shooting technique are used to verify the analytical results. The results of this study can be used to improve efficiency in converting wasted mechanical vibration to useful electrical energy by broadening the frequency bandwidth.
机译：振动能量收集将机械能从周围环境转换为电能，从而为远程传感器供电。与线性振动器相比，其固有频率的性能较差，非线性振动能量收集器的性能更好，因为它们在更宽的频谱范围内使用振动能量。我们提出了一种混合式非线性能量收集器，该组合器将双稳定性与内部共振相结合以增加频率带宽。与具有固定磁体的双稳态系统相比，可以获得两倍的频率带宽增加。收割机由压电悬臂梁组成，该悬臂梁承载着面向固定磁体的可移动磁体。弹簧允许磁体沿着梁移动，并提供额外的存储能量，以进一步增加用作机械放大器的振动幅度。提出了该系统的机电耦合数学模型，以获得悬臂梁，可移动磁体和输出电压的动态响应。应用多尺度摄动法求解这些方程并获得近似解析解。研究了各种系统参数对频率响应的影响。通过长时间积分的数值方法（Runge-Kutta方法）和射击技术来验证分析结果。这项研究的结果可用于通过拓宽频率带宽来提高将浪费的机械振动转换为有用电能的效率。

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