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Take-the-best and the influence of decision-inconsistent attributes on decision confidence and choices in memory-based decisions

机译：最佳决策以及决策不一致属性对基于内存的决策中决策信心和选择的影响

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摘要

Take-the-best (TTB) is a decision strategy according to which attributes about choice options are sequentially processed in descending order of validity, and attribute processing is stopped once an attribute discriminates between options. Consequently, TTB-decisions rely on only one, the best discriminating, attribute, and lower-valid attributes need not be processed because they are TTB-irrelevant. Recent research suggests, however, that when attribute information is visually present during decision-making, TTB-irrelevant attributes are processed and integrated into decisions nonetheless. To examine whether TTB-irrelevant attributes are retrieved and integrated when decisions are made memory-based, we tested whether the consistency of a TTB-irrelevant attribute affects TTB-users' decision behaviour in a memory-based decision task. Participants first learned attribute configurations of several options. Afterwards, they made several decisions between two of the options, and we manipulated conflict between the second-best attribute and the TTB-decision. We assessed participants' decision confidence and the proportion of TTB-inconsistent choices. According to TTB, TTB-irrelevant attributes should not affect confidence and choices, because these attributes should not be retrieved. Results showed, however, that TTB-users were less confident and made more TTB-inconsistent choices when TTB-irrelevant information was in conflict with the TTB-decision than when it was not, suggesting that TTB-users retrieved and integrated TTB-irrelevant information.
机译：最佳选择（TTB）是一种决策策略，根据该决策策略，有关选择选项的属性将按照有效性的降序顺序进行处理，一旦属性在选项之间进行了区分，则将停止处理属性。因此，TTB决策仅依赖于一个，最好的区分，属性和低效属性无需处理，因为它们与TTB不相关。但是，最近的研究表明，当决策过程中可视地显示属性信息时，与TTB不相关的属性仍会被处理并集成到决策中。为了检查在基于内存的决策时是否检索和整合了与TTB不相关的属性，我们测试了与TTB不相关的属性的一致性是否会影响基于内存的决策任务中TTB用户的决策行为。参与者首先了解了几个选项的属性配置。之后，他们在两个选项之间做出了一些决定，我们操纵了第二好的属性和TTB决定之间的冲突。我们评估了参与者的决策信心和TTB不一致选择的比例。根据TTB，与TTB无关的属性不应影响置信度和选择，因为不应检索这些属性。但是，结果显示，与不与TTB相关的信息冲突时，与不与TTB相关的信息冲突时，TTB用户不那么自信，做出更多与TTB不一致的选择，这表明TTB用户检索并整合了与TTB不相关的信息。 。

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