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Conceptualizing Fraudulent Studies as Viruses: New Models for Handling Retractions

机译：将欺诈性研究概念化为病毒：处理撤回的新模型

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This paper addresses the growing problem of retractions in the scientific literature of publications that contain bad data (i.e., fabricated, falsified, or containing error), also called "false science." While the problem is particularly acute in the biomedical literature because of the life-threatening implications when treatment recommendations and decisions are based on false science, it is relevant for any knowledge domain, including the social sciences, law, and education. Yet current practices for handling retractions are seen as inadequate. We use the metaphor of a virus to illustrate how such studies can spread and contaminate the knowledge system, when they continue to be treated as valid. We suggest drawing from public health models designed to prevent the spread of biological viruses and compare the strengths and weaknesses of the current governance model of professional self-regulation with a proposed public health governance model. The paper concludes by considering the value of adding a triple-helix model that brings industry into the university-state governance mechanisms and incorporates biblio-metric capabilities needed for a holistic treatment of the retraction process.
机译：本文解决了包含不良数据（即捏造，伪造或包含错误）的出版物的科学文献中日益增加的撤回问题，也称为“错误科学”。尽管由于建议或决策基于错误的科学会危及生命，因此在生物医学文献中该问题尤为严重，但它与包括社会科学，法律和教育在内的任何知识领域都息息相关。然而，目前处理缩回的实践被认为是不充分的。我们使用病毒的隐喻来说明这种研究在继续被视为有效时如何传播和污染知识系统。我们建议借鉴旨在防止生物病毒传播的公共卫生模型，并将当前的专业自我监管治理模型的优缺点与建议的公共卫生治理模型进行比较。本文的结论是考虑添加三重螺旋模型的价值，该模型将行业引入大学州的治理机制，并纳入对收回过程进行整体处理所需的书目计量功能。

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