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Big Bird Brains

机译:大鸟脑

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Having a big brain can open all kinds of doors, even evolutionary ones, it seems.rnFirst formulated in the 1980s, the "behavioral drive" hypothesis posits that intelligence can influence the course of evolution. The idea is that intelligent animals can find ways to exploit new foods and new habitats, thus exposing themselves to new selection pressures. So, if the species in a given taxonomic family have large brains relative to their body size, they should also have widely divergent body sizes, among other traits, as a result of varied selection pressures.rnDaniel Sol of the Autonomous University of Barcelona and Trevor D. Price of the University of Chicago tested that prediction on birds. They extracted data on 7,209 bird species from the scientific literature, and found many examples of bird families that are both brainy and quite diversified in body size, such as the crows, the woodpeckers, the hornbills, and the parrots.rnComparing all avian families, Sol and Price showed statistically that brain size explains 12 percent of the variation in body size. The percentage may be small, but it confirms the theory that in evolution, behavior is more than just thernresult of selective pressures; it can also alter those pressures.
机译:大脑的开放似乎可以打开各种各样的门,甚至是进化的门。“行为驱动”假说最早是在1980年代提出的,它假设智力可以影响进化的过程。这个想法是,聪明的动物可以找到开发新食物和新栖息地的方法,从而使自己面临新的选择压力。因此,如果给定的分类学家族中的物种相对于其体型具有较大的大脑,那么由于选择压力的变化,它们的体型以及其他特征也应具有很大的差异。巴塞罗那自治大学和特雷弗大学的丹尼尔·索尔芝加哥大学的D. Price对鸟类的这一预测进行了检验。他们从科学文献中提取了有关7,209种鸟类的数据,并发现了许多机智且体形各异的鸟类家族的例子,例如乌鸦,啄木鸟,犀鸟和鹦鹉。 Sol和Price统计表明,大脑大小可以解释人体大小变化的12%。这个百分比可能很小,但它证实了这一理论,即在进化中,行为不仅仅是选择压力的结果;而是它也可以改变这些压力。

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    《Natural history》 |2008年第9期|14|共1页
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