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Inchoativity, change of state, and telicity: evidence from Spanish reflexive psychological verbs

机译：宽容，状态改变和t谐：西班牙反身心理动词的证据

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摘要

In this paper, we argue that by making a careful distinction between the notions of inchoativity and telicity, we can gain new insight into how changes of state can be expressed in natural language. Our argument is based on an analysis of Spanish reflexive psychological verbs (SRPVs) such as aburrirse 'to be/become bored' and enfadarse 'to become angry.' We present diagnostics that clearly support the claim that while these verbs are inchoative, they are not telic, nor do they denote changes of state. Additional tests indicate that these verbs are not dynamic, either; however, we show that they lack dynamicity for different reasons: aburrirse verbs, because they are stative; enfadarse verbs, because they denote truly punctual eventualities. We present a formal semantic analysis using the event ontology proposed in Pinon (1997). This analysis allows us to capture very naturally the similarities and differences between the two subclasses of SRPVs, to characterize their inchoativity, and to distinguish it from telicity. In addition, it supports a view of the Vendlerian aspectual classes on which the achievement class describes truly punctual eventualities and excludes certain predicates commonly (if not universally) assumed to belong to this class, such as the so-called degree achievement verbs.
机译：在本文中，我们认为，通过仔细区分先入为主和沉默的概念，我们可以获得关于如何用自然语言表达状态变化的新见解。我们的论点基于对西班牙反身心理动词（SRPV）的分析，例如aburrirse“变得/变得无聊”和enfadarse“变得生气”。我们提供的诊断显然支持以下主张：尽管这些动词具有内向性，但它们不是主语，也不表示状态变化。其他测试表明，这些动词也不是动态的。但是，我们表明它们缺乏动力的原因有很多：粗体动词，因为它们是静态的； enfadarse动词，因为它们表示真正的准时事件。我们提出了使用Pinon（1997）中提出的事件本体的形式语义分析。通过这种分析，我们可以非常自然地捕获SRPV的两个子类之间的异同，以表征它们的小写性，并将其与t谐区别开来。此外，它支持Vendlerian方面类的视图，在该类上，成就类描述了真正的守时性事件，并且排除了通常被假定属于该类的某些谓词（如果不是普遍的话），例如所谓的程度成就动词。

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