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The subsegmental structure of German plural allomorphy

机译:德国复数六重的副段结构

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Plurals in the native stratum of German nouns exhibit a complex interlacing of arbitrary lexical classes and virtually exceptionless generalizations across them. Thus while it is not fully predictable phonologically or semantically which suffix allomorph a plural noun takes and whether it undergoes umlaut (vowel fronting), specific suffixes consistently trigger or block umlaut (Augst1979; Wurzel1998; Wunderlich1999), and all plural forms obey a fixed prosodic template (Wiese1996b,2009). This combination of regular and irregular has given rise to the claim that German noun plurals defy a morpheme-based analysis and require global paradigm structure conditions (Bittner1991; Wurzel1998; Carstairs-McCarthy2008) or construction-specific constraints (Neef1998; Wunderlich1999; Wiese2009). In this paper, I present a new, purely concatenative analysis of German plurals combining and extending on elements of the classical autosegmental analyses for German umlaut (Yu1992; Lieber1992; Fery1994) and schwa (Hall1992; Noske1993; Wiese1996b) couched in Stratal OT (Kiparsky2015; Bermudez-Otero2018) and Containment Theory (Prince and Smolensky1993; Revithiadou2007; van Oostendorp2008). I show that assuming a general plural suffix consisting of a featurally underspecified segmental root node and a floatingCoronalfeature allows for a purely phonological explanation of both paradigmatic implications and the templatic shape of noun plurals, which have so far been treated as independent problems, and gives rise to a principled account of apparent exceptions.
机译:在德语名词的原生地层复数表现出任意词汇类并在它们之间几乎exceptionless概括的复杂交错。因此,尽管它不是完全可预测的语音上或语义,其后缀同质异形体复数名词需要,以及它是否经受变音符(元音前移),特定后缀始终如一触发或块变音符(Augst1979; Wurzel1998; Wunderlich1999),以及所有复数形式服从一个固定的韵律模板(Wiese1996b,2009)。规则和不规则的已引起声称德国名词的复数违抗基于词素分析和需要全球范例结构的条件的组合(; Wurzel1998; Bittner1991卡斯泰尔斯-McCarthy2008)或结构特异性限制(Neef1998; Wunderlich1999; Wiese2009)。在本文中,我提出的德国复数组合和关于德语元音变音经典autosegmental分析元件延伸的一个新的,纯粹的拼接分析(Yu1992; Lieber1992; Fery1994)和元音(Hall1992; Noske1993; Wiese1996b)在地层OT措辞(Kiparsky2015 ;伯姆德兹-Otero2018)和遏制理论(王子和Smolensky1993; Revithiadou2007;面包车Oostendorp2008)。我表明,假定一般的多个后缀由featurally尚未得以节段性根节点和floatingCoronalfeature允许两者范式影响和名词的复数,迄今已被视为独立的问题的templatic形状的纯语音解释,并引起到一个原则性帐户表观异常。

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