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Host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals

机译:宿主和病毒性状预测哺乳动物的人畜共患性溢出

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摘要

The majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, HIV, Ebola and SARS)(1-3). Understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs(4). However, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species boundaries(5-7). Here we conduct a comprehensive analysis of mammalian host-virus relationships and show that both the total number of viruses that infect a given species and the proportion likely to be zoonotic are predictable. After controlling for research effort, the proportion of zoonotic viruses per species is predicted by phylogenetic relatedness to humans, host taxonomy and human population within a species range-which may reflect human-wildlife contact. We demonstrate that bats harbour a significantly higher proportion of zoonotic viruses than all other mammalian orders. We also identify the taxa and geographic regions with the largest estimated number of 'missing viruses' and 'missing zoonoses' and therefore of highest value for future surveillance. We then show that phylogenetic host breadth and other viral traits are significant predictors of zoonotic potential, providing a novel framework to assess if a newly discovered mammalian virus could infect people.
机译:大多数人类新发传染病是人畜共患病,其病毒起源于特别令人关注的野生哺乳动物(例如,HIV,埃博拉和SARS)(1-3)。因此,了解野生生物中病毒多样性的模式以及成功进行跨物种传播或溢出的决定因素,是大流行监测计划的主要目标(4)。但是,很少有分析工具来确定哪些宿主物种可能携带下一株人类病毒,或者哪些病毒可以跨越物种边界(5-7)。在这里,我们对哺乳动物宿主与病毒的关系进行了全面分析,结果表明,感染给定物种的病毒总数和可能是人畜共患病的比例都是可以预测的。在控制了研究工作之后,通过与物种范围内的人类,宿主分类学和人类种群的系统发育相关性来预测每个物种的人畜共患病毒的比例,这可能反映了人类与野生动物的接触。我们证明,蝙蝠具有比其他所有哺乳动物订单明显更高的人畜共患病毒比例。我们还将识别出“缺失病毒”和“缺失人畜共患病”的估计数量最多的分类单元和地理区域,从而为将来的监测提供最高价值。然后,我们表明系统发育宿主的广度和其他病毒性状是人畜共患病潜力的重要预测因子,为评估新发现的哺乳动物病毒是否可以感染人提供了新的框架。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2017年第7660期|646-650|共5页
  • 作者单位

    EcoHlth Alliance, 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001 USA;

    EcoHlth Alliance, 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001 USA;

    EcoHlth Alliance, 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001 USA;

    EcoHlth Alliance, 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001 USA;

    EcoHlth Alliance, 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001 USA;

    EcoHlth Alliance, 460 West 34th St, New York, NY 10001 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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