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SAM-dependent enzyme-catalysed pericyclic reactions in natural product biosynthesis

机译:SAM依赖酶催化的天然产物生物合成中的周环反应

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摘要

Pericyclic reactions-which proceed in a concerted fashion through a cyclic transition state-are among the most powerful synthetic transformations used to make multiple regioselective and stereoselective carbon-carbon bonds(1). They have been widely applied to the synthesis of biologically active complex natural products containing contiguous stereogenic carbon centres(2-6). Despite the prominence of pericyclic reactions in total synthesis, only three naturally existing enzymatic examples (the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction(7), and the Cope(8) and the Claisen rearrangements(9)) have been characterized. Here we report a versatile S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM)-dependent enzyme, LepI, that can catalyse stereoselective dehydration followed by three pericyclic transformations: intramolecular Diels-Alder and hetero-Diels-Alder reactions via a single ambimodal transition state, and a retro-Claisen rearrangement. Together, these transformations lead to the formation of the dihydropyran core of the fungal natural product, leporin(10). Combined in vitro enzymatic characterization and computational studies provide insight into how LepI regulates these bifurcating biosynthetic reaction pathways by using SAM as the cofactor. These pathways converge to the desired biosynthetic end product via the (SAM-dependent) retro-Claisen rearrangement catalysed by LepI. We expect that more pericyclic biosynthetic enzymatic transformations remain to be discovered in naturally occurring enzyme 'toolboxes'(11). The new role of the versatile cofactor SAM is likely to be found in other examples of enzyme catalysis.
机译:周环反应-通过循环过渡态以协同方式进行-是最强大的合成转化方法之一,可用于形成多个区域选择性和立体选择性碳-碳键(1)。它们已被广泛用于合成具有连续立体碳中心的生物活性复杂天然产物(2-6)。尽管在全合成过程中突出了周环反应,但仅表征了三个天然存在的酶实例(分子内Diels-Alder反应(7),Cope(8)和克莱森重排(9))。在这里,我们报告了一种多功能的S-腺苷-1-蛋氨酸(SAM)依赖性酶LepI,它可以催化立体选择性脱水,随后发生三个周环转化:分子内Diels-Alder反应和杂Diels-Alder反应通过一个双峰过渡态进行,以及克莱森(Claisen)复古式的重新布置。这些转化共同导致了真菌天然产物leporin(10)的二氢吡喃核心的形成。体外酶促表征和计算研究相结合,提供了关于LepI如何通过使用SAM作为辅因子来调节这些分叉的生物合成反应途径的见解。这些途径通过LepI催化的(依赖于SAM的)逆克莱森重排过程收敛到所需的生物合成终产物。我们期望在天然存在的酶“工具箱”中仍有更多的环周生物合成酶转化被发现(11)。多功能辅因子SAM的新作用很可能是在酶催化的其他实例中发现的。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2017年第7673期|502-506|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA|Univ Shizuoka, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA|Univ Shizuoka, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan;

    Univ Shizuoka, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Shizuoka 4228526, Japan;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA|Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA|Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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