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Function and information content of DNA methylation

机译:DNA甲基化的功能和信息含量

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摘要

Cytosine methylation is a DNA modification generally associated with transcriptional silencing. Factors that regulate methylation have been linked to human disease, yet how they contribute to malignances remains largely unknown. Genomic maps of DNA methylation have revealed unexpected dynamics at gene regulatory regions, including active demethylation by TET proteins at binding sites for transcription factors. These observations indicate that the underlying DNA sequence largely accounts for local patterns of methylation. As a result, this mark is highly informative when studying gene regulation in normal and diseased cells, and it can potentially function as a biomarker. Although these findings challenge the view that methylation is generally instructive for gene silencing, several open questions remain, including how methylation is targeted and recognized and in what context it affects genome readout.
机译:胞嘧啶甲基化是通常与转录沉默相关的DNA修饰。调节甲基化的因素已经与人类疾病相关,但是,它们如何导致恶性肿瘤仍然未知。 DNA甲基化的基因组图谱揭示了基因调控区域的意外动态,包括TET蛋白在转录因子结合位点的主动去甲基化作用。这些观察表明,潜在的DNA序列在很大程度上解释了甲基化的局部模式。结果,该标记在研究正常细胞和患病细胞的基因调控时非常有用,并且可能具有生物标记作用。尽管这些发现挑战了甲基化通常对基因沉默具有指导意义的观点,但仍然存在一些悬而未决的问题,包括如何靶向和识别甲基化以及在何种情况下甲基化会影响基因组读出。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2015年第7534期|321-326|共6页
  • 作者

    Dirk Schuebeler;

  • 作者单位

    Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland,University of Basel, Faculty of Science, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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