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Basin-scale transport of hydrothermal dissolved metals across the South Pacific Ocean

机译：跨南太平洋海盆范围的热液溶解金属的运输

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摘要

Hydrothermal venting along mid-ocean ridges exerts an important control on the chemical composition of sea water by serving as a major source or sink for a number of trace elements in the ocean(1-3). Of these, iron has received considerable attention because of its role as an essential and often limiting nutrient for primary production in regions of the ocean that are of critical importance for the global carbon cycle(4). It has been thought that most of the dissolved iron discharged by hydrothermal vents is lost from solution close to ridge-axis sources(2,5) and is thus of limited importance for ocean biogeochemistry(6). This long-standing view is challenged by recent studies which suggest that stabilization of hydrothermal dissolved iron may facilitate its longrange oceanic transport(7-10). Such transport has been subsequently inferred from spatially limited oceanographic observations(11-13). Here we report data from the US GEOTRACES Eastern Pacific Zonal Transect (EPZT) that demonstrate lateral transport of hydrothermal dissolved iron, manganese, and aluminium from the southern East Pacific Rise (SEPR) several thousand kilometres westward across the South Pacific Ocean. Dissolved iron exhibits nearly conservative (that is, no loss from solution during transport and mixing) behaviour in this hydrothermal plume, implying a greater longevity in the deep ocean than previously assumed(6,14). Based on our observations, we estimate a global hydrothermal dissolved iron input of three to four gigamoles per year to the ocean interior, which is more than fourfold higher than previous estimates(7,11,14). Complementary simulations with a global-scale ocean biogeochemical model suggest that the observed transport of hydrothermal dissolved iron requires some means of physicochemical stabilization and indicate that hydrothermally derived iron sustains a large fraction of Southern Ocean export production.
机译：洋中脊热液喷发作为海洋中许多微量元素的主要来源或汇聚体，对海水的化学成分具有重要的控制作用（1-3）。其中，铁由于其作为海洋地区初级生产所必需的且通常是限制营养的作用而受到了相当大的关注，这对于全球碳循环至关重要（4）。有人认为，由热液喷口排放的大部分溶解铁是从靠近脊轴源的溶液中损失掉的（2,5），因此对海洋生物地球化学的重要性有限。这种长期存在的观点受到近期研究的挑战，这些研究表明，热液溶解铁的稳定化可能会促进其远距离海洋运输（7-10）。随后从空间有限的海洋观测中推断出这种运移（11-13）。在这里，我们报告了来自美国GEOTRACES东太平洋区域样带（EPZT）的数据，这些数据显示了水热溶解的铁，锰和铝从南东太平洋向西数千公里的南东太平洋上升（SEPR）的横向运输。在这种热液羽流中，溶解的铁表现出近乎保守的行为（即在运输和混合过程中不会从溶液中损失），这意味着深海中的寿命比以前假设的更长（6,14）。根据我们的观察，我们估计每年向海洋内部的全球热液溶解铁输入量为3-4焦耳，比以前的估算高出四倍以上（7,11,14）。具有全球规模海洋生物地球化学模型的补充模拟表明，观察到的热液溶解铁的运输需要一定的物理化学稳定方法，并表明热液衍生的铁维持了南大洋出口产品的很大一部分。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2015年第7559期|200-203|共4页
  • 作者

    Resing Joseph A.; Sedwick Peter N.; German Christopher R.; Jenkins William J.; Moffett James W.; Sohst Bettina M.; Tagliabue Alessandro;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98115 USA|NOAA, PMEL, Seattle, WA 98115 USA;

    Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA;

    Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA;

    Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA;

    Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA;

    Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA;

    Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Dept Earth Ocean & Ecol Sci, Liverpool L69 3GP, Merseyside, England;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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