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Thermal biases and vulnerability to warming in the world's marine fauna

机译:全球海洋动物群的热偏差和对气候变暖的脆弱性

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摘要

A critical assumption underlying projections of biodiversity change associated with global warming is that ecological communities comprise balanced mixes of warm-affinity and cool-affinity species which, on average, approximate local environmental temperatures. Nevertheless, here we find that most shallow water marine species occupy broad thermal distributions that are aggregated in either temperate or tropical realms. These distributional trends result in ocean-scale spatial thermal biases, where communities are dominated by species with warmer or cooler affinity than local environmental temperatures. We use community-level thermal deviations from local temperatures as a form of sensitivity to warming, and combine these with projected ocean warming data to predict warming-related loss of species from present-day communities over the next century. Large changes in local species composition appear likely, and proximity to thermal limits, as inferred from present-day species' distributional ranges, outweighs spatial variation in warming rates in contributing to predicted rates of local species loss.
机译:与全球变暖有关的生物多样性变化预测的一个关键假设是,生态群落包含温暖亲和力物种和凉爽亲和力物种的平衡混合物,平均而言,它们近似于当地的环境温度。尽管如此,在这里我们发现大多数浅水海洋物种都占据着广泛的热分布,聚集在温带或热带领域。这些分布趋势导致了海洋尺度的空间热偏差,在该区域中,群落以比当地环境温度更高或更低的亲和力物种为主导。我们使用社区水平与局部温度的热偏差作为对变暖的一种形式,并将其与预计的海洋变暖数据结合起来,以预测下一世纪现今社区与变暖相关的物种损失。从当今物种的分布范围推断,可能会出现局部物种组成的巨大变化,并且接近热极限的可能性超过了升温速率的空间变化,从而有助于预测局部物种的流失率。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2015年第7580期|88-92|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia;

    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia;

    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia;

    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia|Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, SE-10691 Kraftriket Stockholm, Sweden;

    Univ Southampton, Ocean & Earth Sci, Natl Oceanog Ctr Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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