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Within-group male relatedness reduces harm to females in Drosophila

机译:组内男性亲缘关系减少了果蝇对女性的伤害

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摘要

To resolve the mechanisms that switch competition to cooperation is key to understanding biological organization. This is particularly relevant for intrasexual competition, which often leads to males harming females. Recent theory proposes that kin selection may modulate female harm by relaxing competition among male relatives. Here we experimentally manipulate the relatedness of groups of male Drosophila melanogaster competing over females to demonstrate that, as expected, within-group relatedness inhibits male competition and female harm. Females exposed to groups of three brothers unrelated to the female had higher lifetime reproductive success and slower reproductive ageing compared to females exposed to groups of three males unrelated to each other. Triplets of brothers also fought less with each other, courted females less intensively and lived longer than triplets of unrelated males. However, associations among brothers may be vulnerable to invasion by minorities of unrelated males: when two brothers were matched with an unrelated male, the unrelated male sired on average twice as many offspring as either brother. These results demonstrate that relatedness can profoundly affect fitness through its modulation of intrasexual competition, as flies plastically adjust sexual behaviour in a manner consistent with kin-selection theory.%最新理论表明,雄性之间的竞争(对雌性造成rn伤害的一个可能原因)可以通过雄性之间因彼rn此关系近而进行的合作被缓和。本文作者通rn过在实验中操纵雄性果蝇之间的关系远近证rn明了这一点。与跟互为兄弟的雄性交配的雌rn性与那些跟不相关的雄性交配的雌性相比,rn终生的生殖适应性更强,生殖衰老速度更rn慢。在雄性果蝇群内,进攻性行为在兄弟之rn间有所减少,但与某一不相关的雄性构成一rn对的兄弟生殖成功率降低。
机译:解决将竞争转换为合作的机制是理解生物组织的关键。这对于同性竞争特别重要,后者经常导致男性伤害女性。最近的理论提出,亲属选择可以通过放松男性亲属之间的竞争来调节女性的伤害。在这里,我们实验性地操纵了雄性果蝇与雌性竞争的群体之间的相关性,以证明,正如预期的那样,组内相关性抑制了雄性竞争和对女性的伤害。与暴露于三只彼此无关的男性群体中的女性相比,暴露于三只与女性无关的兄弟群中的女性具有更高的终生生殖成功率和较慢的生殖衰老率。兄弟三胞胎之间的争斗也较少,与女性的三胞胎相比,向女性求婚的频率更低,寿命更长。但是,兄弟之间的联谊会容易受到少数无关男性的入侵:当两个兄弟与一个无关男性配对时,该无关男性的平均后代比任一兄弟多两倍。这些结果表明,亲缘关系可以通过调节性竞争来深深影响健身,因为苍蝇以与亲属选择理论相一致的方式可塑性地调整性行为。%最新理论表明,雄性之间的竞争(对雌性造成rn伤害的一个这里作者通rn过在实验中操纵雄性果蝇之间的关系远近证rn明了这一点。与跟互为兄弟的雄性交配的雌性性与那些跟不相关的雄性交配的雌性比,rn终生的生殖适应性更强,生殖衰老速度更rn慢。在雄性果蝇群内,进攻性行为在兄弟之rn间有所减少,但与某些不相关的雄性构成一对对的兄弟生殖成功率降低。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2014年第7485期|672-675a11|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;

    Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;

    Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;

    Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;

    Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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