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The initiation of mammalian protein synthesis and mRNA scanning mechanism

机译：哺乳动物蛋白质合成的启动和mRNA扫描机制

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摘要

当翻译被启动时，只有核糖体的小亚单元结合rn到信使RNA(mRNA)上。一旦启动密码子被识rn别出来，通过沿着mRNA转位或“扫描”，大rn亚单元便会与小亚单元结合重组一个完整的核rn糖体。Ivarl Lomakin和Thomas Steitz解决了与rn“启动因子tRNA”、mRNA以及启动因子elF1rn和elF1A形成复合物的真核生物小核糖体亚单rn元的三个结构。这些结构有助于了解启动因子rn的贡献、mRNA被扫描的机制以及在核糖体Prn点上发生的相互作用。%During translation initiation in eukaryotes, the small ribosomal subunit binds messenger RNA at the 5' end and scans in the 5' to 3' direction to locate the initiation codon, form the 80S initiation complex and start protein synthesis. This simple, yet intricate, process is guided by multiple initiation factors. Here we determine the structures of three complexes of the small ribosomal subunit that represent distinct steps in mammalian translation initiation. These structures reveal the locations of elFl, elFIA, mRNA and initiator transfer RNA bound to the small ribosomal subunit and provide insights into the details of translation initiation specific to eukaryotes. Conformational changes associated with the captured functional states reveal the dynamics of the interactions in the P site of the ribosome. These results have functional implications for the mechanism of mRNA scanning.
机译：当翻译被启动时，只有核糖体的小亚单元结合rn到信使RNA(mRNA)上。一旦启动密码子被识rn别出来，通过沿着mRNA转位或“扫描”，大rn亚单元便会与小亚单元结合重组一个完整的核rn糖体。Ivarl Lomakin和Thomas Steitz解决了与rn“启动因子tRNA”、mRNA以及启动因子elF1rn和elF1A形成复合物的真核生物小核糖体亚单rn元的三个结构。这些结构有助于了解启动因子rn的贡献、mRNA被扫描的机制以及在核糖体Prn点上发生的相互作用。%During translation initiation in eukaryotes, the small ribosomal subunit binds messenger RNA at the 5' end and scans in the 5' to 3' direction to locate the initiation codon, form the 80S initiation complex and start protein synthesis. This simple, yet intricate, process is guided by multiple initiation factors. Here we determine the structures of three complexes of the small ribosomal subunit that represent distinct steps in mammalian translation initiation. These structures reveal the locations of elFl, elFIA, mRNA and initiator transfer RNA bound to the small ribosomal subunit and provide insights into the details of translation initiation specific to eukaryotes. Conformational changes associated with the captured functional states reveal the dynamics of the interactions in the P site of the ribosome. These results have functional implications for the mechanism of mRNA scanning.

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2013年第7462期|307-311qt3|共6页
  • 作者

    Ivan B. Lomakin; Thomas A. Steitz;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA;

    Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA ,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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