The Great Pyramid at Giza was once thought to be geometrically perfect - not least by Isaac Newton. It wasn't until 1798, when Napoleon Bonaparte's surveyors arrived in Egypt, that the pyramid was discovered to be flawed. Even so, the deviation from a perfect square in the four final baselines of this extraordinary edifice, constructed as a tomb for pharaoh Khufu (also known as Cheops) around 2550 bc, is less than 18 centimetres in 230 metres.
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