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Remarkably ancient balanced polymorphisms in a multi-locus gene network

机译：多位点基因网络中非常古老的平衡多态性

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摘要

Local adaptations within species are often governed by several interacting genes scattered throughout the genome. Single-locus models of selection cannot explain the maintenance of such complex variation because recombination separates co-adapted alleles. Here we report a previously unrecognized type of intraspecific multi-locus genetic variation that has been maintained over a vast period. The galactose (GAL) utilization gene network of Saccharomyces kudriavzevii, a relative of brewer's yeast, exists in two distinct states: a functional gene network in Portuguese strains and, in Japanese strains, a non-functional gene network of allelic pseudogenes. Genome sequencing of all available S. kudriavzevii strains revealed that none of the functional GAL genes were acquired from other species. Rather, these polymorphisms have been maintained for nearly the entire history of the species, despite more recent gene flow genome-wide. Experimental evidence suggests that inactivation of the GAL3 and GAL80 regulatory genes facilitated the origin and long-term maintenance of the two gene network states. This striking example of a balanced unlinked gene network polymorphism introduces a remarkable type of intraspecific variation that may be widespread.
机译：物种内部的局部适应通常受散布在整个基因组中的几个相互作用基因的控制。选择的单位点模型不能解释这种复杂变异的维持，因为重组分离了共同适应的等位基因。在这里，我们报告了以前无法识别的种内多基因座遗传变异的类型，该变异已经维持了很长一段时间。酿酒酵母的亲缘种（Saccharomyces kudriavzevii）的半乳糖（GAL）利用基因网络以两种不同的状态存在：葡萄牙菌株中的功能基因网络，在日本菌株中，等位基因假基因的非功能基因网络。所有可用的库氏链球菌菌株的基因组测序表明，功能GAL基因均未从其他物种获得。相反，尽管最近有全基因组的基因流，但这些多态性几乎在该物种的整个历史中都得到了维持。实验证据表明，GAL3和GAL80调节基因的失活促进了这两个基因网络状态的起源和长期维持。平衡的非关联基因网络多态性的这一引人注目的示例引入了一种可能广泛分布的种内变异类型。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7285期|54-58|共5页
  • 作者

    Chris Todd Hittinger; Paula Goncalves; Jose Paulo Sampaio; Jim Dover; Mark Johnston; Antonis Rokas;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA Center for Genome Sciences, Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA;

    Centro de Recursos Microbiologicos, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;

    Centro de Recursos Microbiologicos, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA Center for Genome Sciences, Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA;

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA Center for Genome Sciences, Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA;

    Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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