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A widespread family of polymorphic contact-dependent toxin delivery systems in bacteria

机译：细菌中广泛的多态接触依赖毒素传递系统家族

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摘要

Bacteria have developed mechanisms to communicate and compete with one another in diverse environments. A new form of intercellular communication, contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI), was discovered recently in Escherichia coli. CDI is mediated by the CdiB/CdiA two-partner secretion (TPS) system. CdiB facilitates secretion of the CdiA 'exoprotein' onto the cell surface. An additional small immunity protein (Cdil) protects CDI~+ cells from autoinhibition. The mechanisms by which CDI blocks cell growth and by which Cdil counteracts this growth arrest are unknown. Moreover, the existence of CDI activity in other bacteria has not been explored. Here we show that the CDI growth inhibitory activity resides within the carboxy-terminal region of CdiA (CdiA-CT), and that Cdil binds and inactivates cognate CdiA-CT, but not heterologous CdiA-CT. Bioinformatic and experimental analyses show that multiple bacterial species encode functional CDI systems with high sequence variability in the CdiA-CT and Cdil coding regions. CdiA-CT heterogeneity implies that a range of toxic activities are used during CDI. Indeed, CdiA-CTs from uropathogenic E. coli and the plant pathogen Dickeya dadantii have different nuclease activities, each providing a distinct mechanism of growth inhibition. Finally, we show that bacteria lacking the CdiA-CT and Cdil coding regions are unable to compete with isogenic wild-type CDI~+ cells both in laboratory media and on a eukaryotic host. Taken together, these results suggest that CDI systems constitute an intricate immunity network with an important function in bacterial competition.
机译：细菌已经开发了在不同环境中相互交流和竞争的机制。最近在大肠杆菌中发现了一种新的细胞间通讯形式，即接触依赖性生长抑制（CDI）。 CDI由CdiB / CdiA两伙伴分泌（TPS）系统介导。 CdiB促进CdiA“外蛋白”分泌到细胞表面。另一种小免疫蛋白（Cdil）保护CDI〜+细胞免受自身抑制。 CDI阻止细胞生长和Cdil抵消这种生长停滞的机制尚不清楚。此外，尚未探索其他细菌中CDI活性的存在。在这里，我们显示CDI生长抑制活性驻留在CdiA的羧基末端区域（CdiA-CT），并且Cdil结合并灭活同源CdiA-CT，但不灭活异源CdiA-CT。生物信息学和实验分析表明，多种细菌在CdiA-CT和Cdil编码区编码具有高序列变异性的功能性CDI系统。 CdiA-CT异质性意味着在CDI期间会使用多种毒性活动。实际上，来自尿路致病性大肠杆菌的CdiA-CT和植物病原体Dickeya dadantii具有不同的核酸酶活性，每一种都提供了独特的生长抑制机制。最后，我们表明，缺乏CdiA-CT和Cdil编码区的细菌在实验室培养基和真核宿主中均无法与同基因野生型CDI〜+细胞竞争。综上所述，这些结果表明CDI系统构成了复杂的免疫网络，在细菌竞争中具有重要作用。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2010年第7322期|p.439-442|共4页
  • 作者

    Stephanie K. Aoki; Elie J. Diner; Claire tKint de Roodenbeke; Brandt R. Burgess; Stephen J. Poole; Bruce A. Braaten; Allison M. Jones; Julia S. Webb; Christopher S. Hayes; Peggy A. Cotter; David A. Low;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnBiomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California - Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California - Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California - Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, USA;

    rnDepartment of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California -Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California - Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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