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Reconstructing Indian population history

机译：重建印度人口史

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摘要

India has been underrepresented in genome-wide surveys of human variation. We analyse 25 diverse groups in India to provide strong evidence for two ancient populations, genetically divergent, that are ancestral to most Indians today. One, the 'Ancestral North Indians' (AND, is genetically close to Middle Easterners, Central Asians, and Europeans, whereas the other, the 'Ancestral South Indians' (ASI), is as distinct from ANI and East Asians as they are from each other. By introducing methods that can estimate ancestry without accurate ancestral populations, we show that ANI ancestry ranges from 39-71% in most Indian groups, and is higher in traditionally upper caste and Indo-European speakers. Groups with only ASI ancestry may no longer exist in mainland India. However, the indigenous Andaman Islanders are unique in being ASI-related groups without ANI ancestry. Allele frequency differences between groups in India are larger than in Europe, reflecting strong founder effects whose signatures have been maintained for thousands of years owing to endogamy. We therefore predict that there will be an excess of recessive diseases in India, which should be possible to screen and map genetically.
机译：在人类变异的全基因组调查中，印度的代表性不足。我们分析了印度的25个不同群体，为有遗传力的两个古代人口提供了有力的证据，这是当今大多数印度人的祖先。一个是“北印第安祖先”（AND），在基因上与中东人，中亚人和欧洲人接近，而另一个“南印第安祖先”（ASI）与ANI和东亚人一样，与他们来自通过介绍可以在没有准确祖先群体的情况下估计祖先的方法，我们表明，在大多数印度裔群体中，ANI祖先的占39-71％，在传统上属于种姓和讲印度语的欧洲人中则更高。印度本土不再存在，但是安达曼岛上的土著人是没有ANI祖先的与ASI相关的群体，印度之间的等位基因频率差异比欧洲要大，这反映了强大的创始人效应，其成千上万的签名得以保持。因此，我们预测印度将出现过多的隐性疾病，应该可以通过遗传方法进行筛查和定位。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2009年第24期|489-494|共6页
  • 作者

    David Reich; Kumarasamy Thangaraj; Nick Patterson; Alkes L. Price; Lalji Singh;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA;

    Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India;

    Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA;

    Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;

    Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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