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Common dependence on stress for the two fundamental laws of statistical seismology

机译：统计地震学的两个基本定律对应力的共同依赖

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摘要

Two of the long-standing relationships of statistical seismology are power laws: the Gutenberg-Richter relation1 describing the earthquake frequency-magnitude distribution, and the Omori-Utsu law characterizing the temporal decay of aftershock rate following a main shock. Recently, the effect of stress on the slope (the b value) of the earthquake frequency-magnitude distribution was determined by investigations of the faulting-style dependence of the b value. In a similar manner, we study here aftershock sequences according to the faulting style of their main shocks. We show that the time delay before the onset of the power-law aftershock decay rate (the c value) is on average shorter for thrust main shocks than for normal fault earthquakes, taking intermediate values for strike-slip events. These similar dependences on the faulting style indicate that both of the fundamental power laws are governed by the state of stress. Focal mechanisms are known for only 2 per cent of aftershocks. Therefore, c and b values are independent estimates and can be used as new tools to infer the stress field, which remains difficult to measure directly.
机译：统计地震学的两个长期关系是幂定律：描述地震频率-幅度分布的古腾堡-里希特关系1和表征主震后余震速率随时间衰减的大森-乌津定律。最近，通过研究断层样式对b值的依赖性，确定了应力对地震频率-幅度分布的斜率（b值）的影响。以类似的方式，我们在这里根据主要冲击的断层样式研究余震序列。我们表明，推力主震的幂律余震衰减率（c值）出现之前的平均时间要比正常断层地震短，而走滑事件的中间值则要短一些。这些对断层样式的类似依赖性表明，两个基本幂定律都受应力状态支配。震源机制仅占余震的2％。因此，c和b值是独立的估计值，可以用作推断应力场的新工具，而应力场仍然很难直接测量。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2009年第7273期|642-645|共4页
  • 作者

    Clement Narteau; Svetlana Byrdina; Peter Shebalin; Danijel Schorlemmer;

  • 作者单位

    Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR 7154, CNRS, Univ. P7), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France;

    Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR 7154, CNRS, Univ. P7), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne et Tectonophysique, UMR 5559, CNRS, Universite de Savoie, IRD, 73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac Cedex, France;

    Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (UMR 7154, CNRS, Univ. P7), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France International Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics, 84/32 Profsouznaya, Moscow 117997, Russia;

    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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