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Forming the martian great divide

机译:形成火星鸿沟

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摘要

Early in its history, Mars suffered a convulsion that left a lasting geological and topographical scar. The latest work adds to evidence that the cause was external - a massive impact.rnMars is a divided planet. Its south-ern highlands cover about two-thirds of the planet and are on average about 4 kilometres higher than the northern plains .1 dif-ference that is known as the hemi-spheric dichotomy (Fig. 1). Likean ice cube floating in water, the high topography is held up by the buoyancy of thicker crust (Fig. 2, overleaf) - the crust is about 25 km thicker in the highlands than in the lowlands2. On the basis of the number of impact craters in both the highlands and lowlands, the dichotomy is thought to have formed more than 4 billion years ago, during the first few hundred million years of martian history3. Moreover, the location of the boundary between the highlands and lowlands may have controlled the subsequent location of Tharsis4, the largest and possibly longest-lived volcanic region in the Solar System.
机译:在其历史的早期,火星发生了抽搐,留下了持久的地质和地形伤痕。最新的工作增加了证据,表明原因是外部的-巨大的影响。火星是分裂的星球。它的南部高地覆盖了地球的三分之二,平均比北部平原高出约4公里。1差异称为半球二分法(图1)。就像漂浮在水中的冰块一样,高地势是由较厚的地壳(图2,背面)的浮力所支撑的-高地的地壳比低地的地壳厚约25 km2。根据高地和低地撞击坑的数量,在火星历史的最初几亿年中,二分法被认为已形成超过40亿年前3。此外,高地和低地之间的边界位置可能已经控制了Tharsis4的后续位置,Tharsis4是太阳系中最大且可能寿命最长的火山地区。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2008年第7198期|1191-1192|共2页
  • 作者

    Walter S. Kiefer;

  • 作者单位

    Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77058, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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