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Imbalance between pSmad3 and Notch induces CDK inhibitors in old muscle stem cells

机译:pSmad3和Notch之间的失衡诱导了旧肌肉干细胞中的CDK抑制剂

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摘要

Adult skeletal muscle robustly regenerates throughout an organism's life, but as the muscle ages, its ability to repair diminishes and eventually fails. Previous work suggests that the regenerative potential of muscle stem cells (satellite cells) is not triggered in the old muscle because of a decline in Notch activation, and that it can be rejuvenated by forced local activation of Notch. Here we report that, in addition to the loss of Notch activation, old muscle produces excessive transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (but not myostatin), which induces unusually high levels of TGF-β pSmad3 in resident satellite cells and interferes with their regenerative capacity. Importantly, endogenous Notch and pSmad3 antagonize each other in the control of satellite-cell proliferation, such that activation of Notch blocks the TGF-β-dependent upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p15, p16, p21 and p27, whereas inhibition of Notch induces them. Furthermore, in muscle stem cells, Notch activity determines the binding of pSmad3 to the promoters of these negative regulators of cell-cycle progression. Attenuation of TGF-β/pSmad3 in old, injured muscle restores regeneration to satellite cells in vivo. Thus a balance between endogenous pSmad3 and active Notch controls the regenerative competence of muscle stem cells, and deregulation of this balance in the old muscle microniche interferes with regeneration.
机译:成年骨骼肌在生物体的整个生命过程中都能强劲地再生,但是随着肌肉的老化,其修复能力会下降,并最终失效。先前的工作表明,由于Notch激活的下降,旧肌肉中没有触发肌肉干细胞(卫星细胞)的再生潜能,并且可以通过Notch的强制局部激活来使其再生。在这里,我们报告说,除了Notch激活功能丧失之外,旧肌肉还会产生过量的转化生长因子(TGF)-β(而非肌生长抑制素),这会在常驻卫星细胞中诱导异常高水平的TGF-βpSmad3并干扰其再生能力。重要的是,内源性Notch和pSmad3在卫星细胞增殖的控制中相互拮抗,因此Notch的激活会阻断TGF-β依赖性细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK)抑制剂p15,p16,p21和p27的上调,而抑制Notch会诱导它们。此外,在肌肉干细胞中,Notch活性决定了pSmad3与这些细胞周期进程负调节剂启动子的结合。 TGF-β/ pSmad3在受损的旧肌肉中的衰减可恢复体内卫星细胞的再生。因此,内源性pSmad3和活跃的Notch之间的平衡控制着肌肉干细胞的再生能力,而旧肌肉微生态位中这种平衡的失调会干扰再生。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2008年第7203期|p.528-532|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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