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Transient FTY720 treatment promotes immune- mediated clearance of a chronic viral infection

机译:暂时性FTY720治疗可促进免疫介导的慢性病毒感染清除

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For a wide variety of microbial pathogens, the outcome of the infection is indeterminate. In some individuals the microbe is cleared, but in others it establishes a chronic infection, and the factors that tip this balance are often unknown. In a widely used model of chronic viral infection, C57BL/6 mice clear the Armstrong strain of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), but the clone 13 strain persists. Here we show that the Armstrong strain induces a profound lymphopenia at days 1-3 after infection, but the clone 13 strain does not. If we transiently augment lymphopenia by treating the clone-13-infected mice with the drug FTY720 at days 0-2 after infection, the mice successfully clear the infection by day 30. Clearance does not occur when CD4 T cells are absent at the time of treatment, indicating that the drug is not exerting direct antiviral effects. Notably, FTY720 treatment of an already established persistent infection also leads to viral clearance. In both models, FTY720 treatment preserves or augments LCMV-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses, a result that is counter-intuitive because FTY720 is generally regarded as a new immunosuppressive agent. Because FTY720 targets host pathways that are completely evolutionarily conserved, our results may be translatable into new immunothera-pies for the treatment of chronic microbial infections in humans.
机译:对于多种微生物病原体,感染的结果不确定。在某些个体中,微生物被清除,但在另一些个体中,则建立了慢性感染,而导致这种平衡的因素通常是未知的。在广泛使用的慢性病毒感染模型中,C57BL / 6小鼠清除了阿姆斯特朗淋巴细胞性脉络膜脑膜炎病毒(LCMV)株,但克隆13株仍然存在。在这里,我们显示了阿姆斯特朗菌株在感染后的1-3天会诱发严重的淋巴细胞减少,而克隆13菌株却不会。如果我们通过在感染后0-2天用FTY720处理感染克隆13的小鼠来暂时增加淋巴细胞减少症,则小鼠在第30天就成功清除了感染。当CD4 T细胞不存在时,清除不会发生。治疗,表明该药物没有发挥直接的抗病毒作用。值得注意的是,FTY720对已经确定的持续感染的治疗也可导致病毒清除。在这两种模型中,FTY720治疗均保留或增强了LCMV特异性CD4和CD8 T细胞应答,这一结果与直觉相反,因为FTY720通常被认为是一种新的免疫抑制剂。由于FTY720靶向完全进化保守的宿主途径,因此我们的结果可能可转化为用于治疗人类慢性微生物感染的新免疫疗法。

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