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Coupling substrate and ion binding to extracellular gate of a sodium-dependent aspartate transporter

机译:偶联底物和离子结合至钠依赖性天冬氨酸转运蛋白的细胞外门

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摘要

Secondary transporters are integral membrane proteins that catalyse the movement of substrate molecules across the lipid bilayer by coupling substrate transport to one or more ion gradients, thereby providing a mechanism for the concentrative uptake of substrates. Here we describe crystallographic and thermodynamic studies of Glt_(Ph), a sodium (Na~+)-coupled aspartate transporter, defining sites for aspartate, two sodium ions and D,L-threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate, an inhibitor. We further show that helical hairpin 2 is the extracellular gate that controls access of substrate and ions to the internal binding sites. At least two sodium ions bind in close proximity to the substrate and these sodium-binding sites, together with the sodium-binding sites in another sodium-coupled transporter, LeuT, define an unwound α-helix as the central element of the ion-binding motif, a motif well suited to the binding of sodium and to participation in conformational changes that accompany ion binding and unbinding during the transport cycle.
机译:二级转运蛋白是完整的膜蛋白,可通过将底物运输耦合至一个或多个离子梯度来催化底物分子跨脂质双层移动,从而为底物的集中摄取提供了一种机制。在这里,我们描述了钠(Na〜+)偶联的天冬氨酸转运蛋白Glt_(Ph)的晶体学和热力学研究,确定了天冬氨酸,两个钠离子和D,L-苏-β-苄氧基天冬氨酸(一种抑制剂)的位点。我们进一步显示,螺旋发夹2是控制底物和离子对内部结合位点的访问的细胞外门。至少两个钠离子与底物紧密结合,并且这些钠结合位点与另一个钠耦合转运蛋白LeuT中的钠结合位点一起定义了未缠绕的α-螺旋作为离子结合的中心元素母题,非常适合与钠结合并参与构象变化的母题,在运输周期中离子结合和不结合。

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