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Ultrafast superheating and melting of bulk ice

机译：超快速过热和融化大块冰

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摘要

The superheating of a solid to a temperature beyond its melting point, without the solid actually melting, is a well-known phenomenon. It occurs with many substances(1-5), particularly those that can readily be produced as high-quality crystals. In principle, ice should also be amenable to superheating. But the complex three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds that holds water molecules together and gives rise to unusual solid and liquid properties(6-11) strongly affects the melting behaviour of ice(12-14); in particular, ice usually contains many defects owing to the directionality of its hydrogen bonds. However, simulations are readily able to 'create' defect- free ice that can be superheated(15,16). Here we show that by exciting the OH stretching mode of water, it is possible to superheat ice. When using an ice sample at an initial temperature of 270 K, we observe an average temperature rise of 20 +/- 2K that persists over the monitored time interval of 250 ps without melting.
机译：众所周知，将固体过热至超过其熔点的温度而不使固体实际熔化。它与许多物质（1-5）一起发生，尤其是那些易于生成为高质量晶体的物质。原则上，冰也应该适合过热。但是，复杂的氢键三维网络将水分子保持在一起并产生异常的固液特性（6-11），强烈影响了冰的融化行为（12-14）;特别地，由于其氢键的方向性，冰通常包含许多缺陷。然而，模拟很容易就能“产生”可以过热的无缺陷冰（15，16）。在这里，我们表明，通过激发水的OH拉伸模式，可以使冰过热。当使用初始温度为270 K的冰样品时，我们观察到平均温度上升为20 +/- 2K，在250 ps的监视时间间隔内持续存在，而没有熔化。

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