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Sulphur isotope evidence for an oxic Archaean atmosphere

机译:含氧同位素证明有氧古生气

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摘要

The presence of mass-independently fractionated sulphur isotopes (MIF-S) in many sedimentary rocks older than similar to 2.4 billion years (Gyr), and the absence of MIF-S in younger rocks, has been considered the best evidence for a dramatic change from an anoxic to oxic atmosphere around 2.4 Gyr ago(1-9). This is because the only mechanism known to produce MIF-S has been ultraviolet photolysis of volcanic sulphur dioxide gas in an oxygen-poor atmosphere. Here we report the absence of MIF-S throughout similar to 100-m sections of 2.76-Gyr-old lake sediments and 2.92-Gyr-old marine shales in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. We propose three possible interpretations of the MIF-S geologic record: ( 1) the level of atmospheric oxygen fluctuated greatly during the Archaean era; ( 2) the atmosphere has remained oxic since similar to 3.8 Gyr ago, and MIF-S in sedimentary rocks represents times and regions of violent volcanic eruptions that ejected large volumes of sulphur dioxide into the stratosphere; or ( 3) MIF-S in rocks was mostly created by non-photochemical reactions during sediment diagenesis, and thus is not linked to atmospheric chemistry.
机译:许多年龄大于24亿年(吉尔)的沉积岩中都存在质量无关的分馏硫同位素(MIF-S),而较年轻的岩石中不存在MIF-S,被认为是发生剧烈变化的最好证据。在大约2.4年前(1-9)从无氧到有氧气氛。这是因为已知产生MIF-S的唯一机理是在贫氧气氛中对火山二氧化硫气体进行紫外线光解。在这里,我们报道了在西澳大利亚州皮尔巴拉克拉顿的100米长的2.76吉尔古湖沉积物和2.92吉尔古海页岩中均没有MIF-S的情况。我们对MIF-S地质记录提出三种可能的解释:(1)在古生时代,大气中的氧气含量波动很大; (2)自3.8年前以来,大气一直是有氧的,沉积岩中的MIF-S代表了剧烈的火山喷发的时间和区域,这些喷发将大量的二氧化硫喷入了平流层;或(3)岩石中的MIF-S主要是由沉积物成岩过程中的非光化学反应产生的,因此与大气化学无关。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2006年第7105期|p. 908-911|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Penn State Univ, NASA Astrobiol Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;

    Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA;

    Kyushu Univ, Inst Technol, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan;

    Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA;

    Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

    FRACTIONATION; MICROPROBE; AUSTRALIA; OXYGEN; CYCLE; RISE;

    机译:分馏;微探针;澳大利亚;氧;循环;上升;

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