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Champagne supernova

机译:香槟超新星

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摘要

Thermonuclear supernovas were thought to occur only when white-dwarf stars of a certain mass explode. The discovery of a supernova that is way over the mass limit might require a reworking of the model. According to the conventional view, thermonuclear, or type la, supernova explosions occur when a white-dwarf star - a star that has exhausted its nuclear fuel and is composed entirely of carbon and oxygen - accretes matter from a close companion star. At the same time, the white dwarf contracts, and so its density and temperature increase. This goes on until its mass approaches the maximum that a white dwarf can have - the Chandrasekhar mass, 1,4 times that of the Sun, At this point, a violent thermonuclear instability releases enough energy from nuclear fusion to blast the white dwarf apart at speeds of a few per cent of the speed of light, The nuclear fusion burns about 0.6 solar masses of the white dwarf to a single isotope, radioactive nickel-56, The decay of this isotope, through cobalt-56 to stable iron-56, provides a delayed source of energy that keeps the ejected matter hot, causing the supernova to attain a peak luminosity (defined as energy radiated per unit time) greater than that of a billion Suns.
机译:人们认为热核超新星只有在一定质量的白矮星爆炸时才会发生。超新星的发现超出质量极限可能需要对模型进行改造。按照传统观点,当一个白矮星(一个已经耗尽了核燃料并且完全由碳和氧组成的恒星)吸收了一个近伴星的物质时,就会发生热核或1a型超新星爆炸。同时,白矮星收缩,因此其密度和温度升高。一直持续到它的质量接近白矮星可以达到的最大值-Chandrasekhar质量,是太阳的1.4倍。此时,剧烈的热核不稳定性从核聚变中释放出足够的能量,使白矮星在核聚变将约0.6太阳质量的白矮星燃烧成一个同位素,放射性镍56,该同位素通过钴56变成稳定的铁56,提供延迟的能量源,使喷射的物质保持高温,使超新星获得的峰值发光度(定义为每单位时间辐射的能量)大于十亿个太阳的峰值。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2006年第7109期|p.283-284|共2页
  • 作者

    David Branch;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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