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Sex increases the efficacy of natural selection in experimental yeast populations

机译:性增加了实验酵母种群中自然选择的功效

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摘要

Why sex evolved and persists is a problem for evolutionary biology, because sex disrupts favourable gene combinations and requires an expenditure of time and energy. Further, in organisms with unequal-sized gametes, the female transmits her genes at only half the rate of an asexual equivalent (the twofold cost of sex). Many modern theories that provide an explanation for the advantage of sex incorporate an idea originally proposed by Weismann more than 100 years ago: sex allows natural selection to proceed more effectively because it increases genetic variation. Here we test this hypothesis, which still lacks robust empirical support, with the use of experiments on yeast populations. Capitalizing on recent advances in the molecular biology of recombination in yeast, we produced by genetic manipulation strains that differed only in their capacity for sexual reproduction. We show that, as predicted by the theory, sex increases the rate of adaptation to a new harsh environment but has no measurable effect on fitness in a new benign environment where there is little selection.
机译:为什么性别进化并持续存在是进化生物学的一个问题,因为性别会破坏有利的基因组合并需要花费时间和精力。此外,在配子大小不相等的生物中,雌性仅以无性同等性的一半(性行为的两倍)传输基因。许多解释性优势的现代理论都结合了魏斯曼100年前提出的想法:性使自然选择更有效地进行,因为它增加了遗传变异。在这里,我们通过对酵母菌群进行实验,检验了仍然缺乏可靠的经验支持的这一假设。利用酵母重组分子生物学的最新进展,我们通过基因操纵菌株生产出了仅在它们的有性生殖能力方面有所不同的菌株。我们证明,正如该理论所预测的那样,性别增加了对新的恶劣环境的适应率,但在选择少的新良性环境中,对健身的适应性没有可测量的影响。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2005年第7033期|p.636-640|共5页
  • 作者单位

    School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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