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An inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins induces regression of solid tumours

机译:Bcl-2家族蛋白的抑制剂诱导实体瘤消退

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Proteins in the Bcl-2 family are central regulators of programmed cell death(1), and members that inhibit apoptosis, such as Bcl-X-L and Bcl-2, are overexpressed in many cancers and contribute to tumour initiation, progression and resistance to therapy(2). Bcl-X-L expression correlates with chemo-resistance of tumour cell lines(3), and reductions in Bcl-2 increase sensitivity to anticancer drugs(4) and enhance in vivo survival(5). The development of inhibitors of these proteins as potential anti-cancer therapeutics has been previously explored(6-15), but obtaining potent small-molecule inhibitors has proved difficult owing to the necessity of targeting a protein - protein interaction. Here, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based screening, parallel synthesis and structure-based design, we have discovered ABT-737, a small-molecule inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-X-L and Bcl-w, with an affinity two to three orders of magnitude more potent than previously reported compounds(7-15). Mechanistic studies reveal that ABT-737 does not directly initiate the apoptotic process, but enhances the effects of death signals, displaying synergistic cytotoxicity with chemotherapeutics and radiation. ABT-737 exhibits single-agent-mechanism-based killing of cells from lymphoma and small-cell lung carcinoma lines, as well as primary patient-derived cells, and in animal models, ABT-737 improves survival, causes regression of established tumours, and produces cures in a high percentage of the mice.
机译:Bcl-2家族中的蛋白质是程序性细胞死亡的中央调节剂(1),抑制凋亡的成员如Bcl-XL和Bcl-2在许多癌症中均过表达,并有助于肿瘤的发生,发展和对治疗的耐药性(2)。 Bcl-X-L的表达与肿瘤细胞系的化学耐药性相关(3),而Bcl-2的减少会增加对抗癌药物的敏感性(4)并提高体内存活率(5)。这些蛋白质的抑制剂作为潜在的抗癌治疗剂的开发已经进行了探索(6-15),但是由于必须靶向蛋白质-蛋白质的相互作用,因此很难获得有效的小分子抑制剂。在这里,使用基于核磁共振(NMR)的筛选,平行合成和基于结构的设计,我们发现了ABT-737,这是一种抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2,Bcl-XL和Bcl-w的小分子抑制剂的亲和力比以前报道的化合物高2至3个数量级(7-15)。机理研究表明,ABT-737并不直接引发细胞凋亡过程,而是增强了死亡信号的作用,显示了与化学疗法和放射作用的协同细胞毒性。 ABT-737对淋巴瘤和小细胞肺癌细胞系以及原发性患者来源的细胞均表现出基于单剂机制的杀灭作用,在动物模型中,ABT-737可以提高生存率,使既定肿瘤消退,并在高比例的小鼠中产生治愈作用。

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