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Methanotrophic symbionts provide carbon for photosynthesis in peat bogs

机译:甲烷营养共生体为泥炭沼泽中的光合作用提供了碳

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Wetlands are the largest natural source of atmospheric methane(1), the second most important greenhouse gas(2). Methane flux to the atmosphere depends strongly on the climate(3); however, by far the largest part of the methane formed in wetland ecosystems is recycled and does not reach the atmosphere(4,5). The biogeochemical controls on the efficient oxidation of methane are still poorly understood. Here we show that submerged Sphagnum mosses, the dominant plants in some of these habitats, consume methane through symbiosis with partly endophytic methanotrophic bacteria, leading to highly effective in situ methane recycling. Molecular probes revealed the presence of the bacteria in the hyaline cells of the plant and on stem leaves. Incubation with C-13-methane showed rapid in situ oxidation by these bacteria to carbon dioxide, which was subsequently fixed by Sphagnum, as shown by incorporation of C-13-methane into plant sterols. In this way, methane acts as a significant ( 10 - 15%) carbon source for Sphagnum. The symbiosis explains both the efficient recycling of methane and the high organic carbon burial in these wetland ecosystems.
机译:湿地是大气中甲烷的最大自然来源(1),是第二重要的温室气体(2)。甲烷向大气的通量在很大程度上取决于气候(3);然而,到目前为止,在湿地生态系统中形成的甲烷中,有很大一部分是被回收利用的,并且没有到达大气(4,5)。关于甲烷有效氧化的生物地球化学控制方法仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们显示出淹没的泥炭藓类植物(其中一些生境中的优势植物)通过与部分内生甲烷营养菌共生而消耗甲烷,从而导致高效的原位甲烷再循环。分子探针揭示了细菌在植物的透明细胞和茎叶中的存在。与C-13-甲烷一起温育显示这些细菌可将其快速原位氧化为二氧化碳,随后被泥炭藓固定,如将C-13-甲烷掺入植物固醇中所示。这样,甲烷可作为泥炭藓的重要碳源(10-15%)。共生解释了这些湿地生态系统中甲烷的有效回收和高有机碳埋葬。

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