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Cognitive bias and affective state

机译:认知偏见和情感状态

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摘要

Information processing by humans can be biased by their emotions ― for example, anxious and depressed people tend to make negative judgements about events and to interpret ambiguous stimuli unfavourably. Here we show that such a 'pessimistic' response bias can also be measured in rats that are housed in unpredictable conditions. Our findings indicate that cognitive bias can be used as an indicator of affective state in animals, which should facilitate progress in animal-welfare studies. We trained rats to respond by pressing a lever when they heard a tone associated with a positive event (delivery of a 45-mg food pellet) and to refrain from pressing the lever as a way to avoid a negative event (30 s of 70 dB white noise) when they heard another tone. Once the animals were able to score a correct response to each tone more than 50% of the time (binomial testing for three consecutive daily 30-min sessions), they were allocated to either 'unpredictable' housing, which induces symptoms of a mild depression-like state, or to 'predictable' housing.
机译:人类对信息的处理可能会因他们的情绪而产生偏差-例如,焦虑和沮丧的人倾向于对事件做出负面判断,并不利地解释歧义刺激。在这里,我们表明,这种“悲观”的反应偏差也可以在无法预测的条件下进行测量。我们的研究结果表明,认知偏差可以用作动物情感状态的指标,这应该有助于动物福利研究的进展。我们训练了老鼠,使其在听到与阳性事件相关的音调(递送45毫克食品颗粒)时通过按下操纵杆做出响应,并避免通过按下操纵杆来避免发生负面事件(70 dB的30 s)白噪声),当他们听到另一种声音时。一旦动物能够在50%的时间内对每种音调做出正确的反应(连续两次每天30分钟的三项测试),就将它们分配到“不可预测的”住房中,从而诱发轻度抑郁症的症状或“可预测”的住房。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2004年第6972期|p.312|共1页
  • 作者单位

    Centre for Behavioural Biology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford BS40 5DU, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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