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首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Fire-induced erosion and millennial-scale climate change in northern ponderosa pine forests
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Fire-induced erosion and millennial-scale climate change in northern ponderosa pine forests

机译：火烧引起的侵蚀和北部美国黄松林的千年尺度气候变化

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摘要

Western US ponderosa pine forests have recently suffered extensive stand-replacing fires followed by hillslope erosion and sedimentation. These fires are usually attributed to increased stand density as a result of fire suppression, grazing and other land use, and are often considered uncharacteristic or unprecedented. Tree-ring records from the past 500 years indicate that before Euro-American settlement, frequent, low-severity fires maintained open stands. However, the pre-settle-ment period between about AD 1500 and AD 1900 was also generally colder than present, raising the possibility that rapid twentieth-century warming promoted recent catastrophic fires. Here we date fire-related sediment deposits in alluvial fans in central Idaho to reconstruct Holocene fire history in xeric ponderosa pine forests and examine links to climate. We find that colder periods experienced frequent low-severity fires, probably fuelled by increased understory growth. Warmer periods experienced severe droughts, stand-replacing fires and large debris-flow events that comprise a large component of long-term erosion and coincide with similar events in sub-alpine forests of Yellowstone National Park. Our results suggest that given the powerful influence of climate, restoration of processes typical of pre-settlement times may be difficult in a warmer future that promotes severe fires.
机译：美国西部的美国黄松林最近遭受大面积的林木替换火灾，随后出现山坡侵蚀和沉积。这些火灾通常归因于灭火，放牧和其他土地使用而导致的林分密度增加，通常被认为是不典型或前所未有的。过去500年的树木年轮记录表明，在欧美定居之前，频繁发生的低烈度大火维持着开放的林分。但是，大约在公元1500年到公元1900年之间的定居期通常也比现在冷，这增加了20世纪迅速变暖助长近期灾难性火灾的可能性。在这里，我们对爱达荷州中部冲积扇中与火有关的沉积物进行了约会，以重建黄松黄松林中的全新世火史，并研究与气候的联系。我们发现，较冷的时期经常发生低烈度的火灾，这可能是由于林下生长增加所致。较暖的时期经历了严重的干旱，替换林分的火灾以及大量泥石流事件，这些事件构成了长期侵蚀的很大一部分，并且与黄石国家公园的亚高山森林中的类似事件相吻合。我们的研究结果表明，鉴于气候的强大影响，在更温暖的未来会引发严重火灾，恢复定居前时期典型的过程可能很困难。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2004年第7013期|p.87-90|共4页
  • 作者

    Jennifer L. Pierce; Grant A. Meyer; A. J. Timothy Jull;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
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