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A genetic variation map for chicken with 2.8 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms

机译：具有280万个单核苷酸多态性的鸡的遗传变异图

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摘要

We describe a genetic variation map for the chicken genome containing 2.8 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs). This map is based on a comparison of the sequences of three domestic chicken breeds ( a broiler, a layer and a Chinese silkie) with that of their wild ancestor, red jungle fowl. Subsequent experiments indicate that at least 90% of the variant sites are true SNPs, and at least 70% are common SNPs that segregate in many domestic breeds. Mean nucleotide diversity is about five SNPs per kilobase for almost every possible comparison between red jungle fowl and domestic lines, between two different domestic lines, and within domestic lines - in contrast to the notion that domestic animals are highly inbred relative to their wild ancestors. In fact, most of the SNPs originated before domestication, and there is little evidence of selective sweeps for adaptive alleles on length scales greater than 100 kilobases.
机译：我们描述了包含280万个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的鸡基因组的遗传变异图。该地图是根据三种国内鸡品种（一个肉鸡，一个蛋鸡和一个中国乌骨鸡）与其野生祖先红色丛林鸡的序列进行比较得出的。随后的实验表明，至少90％的变异位点是真正的SNP，至少70％是在许多国内品种中分离的常见SNP。对于红色丛林禽和家系之间，两种不同的家系之间以及家系内的几乎所有可能的比较，平均核苷酸多样性约为每千碱基5个SNP，这与家畜相对于其野生祖先是高度近交的观念形成鲜明对比。实际上，大多数SNP起源于驯化之前，并且几乎没有证据表明对长度大于100 km的适应性等位基因进行选择性扫描。

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