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Detection of bromine monoxide in a volcanic plume

机译：检测火山羽中的一氧化溴

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The emission of volcanic gases usually precedes eruptive activity(1), providing both a warning signal and an indication of the nature of the lava soon to be erupted. Additionally, volcanic emissions are a significant source of gases and particles to the atmosphere, influencing tropospheric and stratospheric trace-gas budgets(2). Despite some halogen species having been measured in volcanic plumes(3) (mainly HCl and HF), little is known about bromine compounds(4) and, in particular, gas-phase reactive bromine species. Such species are especially important in the stratosphere(5), as reactive bromine - despite being two orders of magnitude less abundant than chlorine - accounts for about one-third of halogen-catalysed ozone depletion(6). In the troposphere, bromine-catalysed complete ozone destruction has been observed to occur regularly during spring in the polar boundary layers(7-11) as well as in the troposphere above the Dead Sea basin(12). Here we report observations of BrO and SO2 abundances in the plume of the Soufriere Hills volcano ( Montserrat) in May 2002 by ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy. Our estimate of BrO emission leads us to conclude that local ozone depletion and small ozone 'holes' may occur in the vicinity of active volcanoes, and that the amount of bromine emitted from volcanoes might be sufficiently large to play a role not only in the stratosphere, but also in tropospheric chemistry. [References: 30]
机译：火山气体的排放通常在爆发活动之前发生（1），既发出警告信号，又指示即将爆发的熔岩的性质。此外，火山排放是大气中气体和颗粒的重要来源，影响对流层和平流层的痕量气体预算（2）。尽管已在火山羽流中测量到一些卤素物质（主要是HCl和HF）（3），但对溴化合物（4），尤其是气相反应性溴物质知之甚少。这些物种在平流层中尤其重要（5），尽管活性溴的含量比氯少两个数量级，却占卤素催化臭氧消耗的三分之一左右（6）。在对流层中，已观察到春季春季在极地边界层（7-11）以及死海盆地上方的对流层中经常发生溴催化的臭氧破坏（12）。在这里，我们通过地面多轴差分光吸收光谱法报告了2002年5月Soufriere Hills火山（蒙特塞拉特）的羽流中BrO和SO2含量的观测值。我们对BrO排放的估算使我们得出结论，即活火山附近可能会发生局部臭氧消耗和小的臭氧“空洞”，并且火山释放的溴量可能足够大，不仅在平流层中起作用，也包括对流层化学。 [参考：30]

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