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Changing sex at the same relative body size

机译:在相同的相对体型下改变性别

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摘要

Sex change occurs in a variety of animals, including fish, echinoderms, crustaceans, molluscs and polychaete worms. Here we show that the relative timing of sex change is surprisingly invariant across all animals: 91-97% of the variation in size at sex change across species can be explained by the simple rule that individuals change sex when they reach 72% of their maximum size. This suggests that there is a fundamental similarity across all animals, from a 2-mm-long crustacean to a 1.5-m-long fish (Fig. 1), in the underlying forces that select for sex change. Evolutionary theory suggests that sex change is favoured when the reproductive success (fitness) of an individual varies with its age or size, and the relationship differs between the sexes. In this case, natural selection favours individuals who begin life as the sex whose fitness increases more slowly with age, and then change to the other sex when they are older. Although this idea is well established, the theory is hard to test quantitatively because the underlying tradeoffs, such as the relationship between age and fitness, are difficult to measure.
机译:性别变化发生在多种动物中,包括鱼类,棘皮动物,甲壳类动物,软体动物和多毛蠕虫。在这里,我们表明,所有动物的性别变化的相对时间都出乎意料地不变:物种间性别变化的大小变化的91-97%可以用一个简单的规则来解释,即个体达到其最大值的72%时就会改变性别尺寸。这表明在所有动物中,从一个2毫米长的甲壳动物到一个1.5米长的鱼(图1),在选择性别变化的内在力方面都有基本的相似性。进化论认为,当一个人的生殖成功(适应性)随年龄或大小而变化,并且性别之间的关系不同时,性别改变就受到了支持。在这种情况下,自然选择有利于那些以适应性随着年龄增长而缓慢增长,然后随着年龄的增长而转变为另一种性别的人。尽管这个想法已经很好地建立了,但是由于很难权衡诸如年龄和适应度之间的关系等潜在的折衷,因此该理论很难进行定量检验。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2003年第6960期|p.783-784|共2页
  • 作者单位

    Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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