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Inheritance of a pre-inactivated paternal X chromosome in early mouse embryos

机译:小鼠早期胚胎中预灭活的父本X染色体的遗传

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摘要

In mammals, dosage compensation ensures equal X-chromo-some expression between males (XY) and females (XX) by transcriptionally silencing one X chromosome "in XX embryos. In the prevailing view, the XX zygote inherits two active X chromosomes, one each from the mother and father, and X inactivation does not occur until after implantation. Here, we report evidence to the contrary in mice. We find that one X chromosome is already silent at zygotic gene activation (2-cell stage). This X chromosome is paternal in origin and exhibits a gradient of silencing. Genes close to the X-inactivation centre show the greatest degree of inactivation, whereas more distal genes show variable inactivation and can partially escape silencing. After implantation, imprinted silencing in extraembryonic tissues becomes globalized and more complete on a gene-by-gene basis. These results argue that the XX embryo is in fact dosage compensated at conception along much of the X chromosome. We propose that imprinted X inactivation results from inheritance of a pre-inactivated X chromosome from the paternal germ line.
机译:在哺乳动物中,剂量补偿可通过使XX个胚胎中的一个X染色体转录沉默来确保雄性(XY)和雌性(XX)之间相等的X染色体表达。在普遍的观点中,XX合子继承两个活跃的X染色体,每个染色体从母体和父亲那里得到的X灭活直到植入后才发生。在这里,我们报道相反的证据在小鼠中。我们发现一个X染色体已经在合子基因激活(2细胞阶段)沉默了。起源于父系,表现出沉默梯度;靠近X灭活中心的基因表现出最大程度的失活,而更多的远端基因表现出可变的灭活,可以部分逃避沉默;植入后,胚外组织中的印迹沉默变得全球化并这些结果表明XX胚胎实际上在X染色体的大部分区域受孕时剂量被补偿。 X灭活是由父系种系中预灭活的X染色体的遗传引起的。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2003年第6968期|p.857-862|共6页
  • 作者

    Khanh D. Huynh; Jeannie T. Lee;

  • 作者单位

    Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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