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Self-directed growth of molecular nanostructures on silicon

机译:硅上分子纳米结构的自定向生长

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Advances in techniques for the nanoscale manipulation of matter are important for the realization of molecule-based miniature devices with new or advanced functions. A particularly promising approach involves the construction of hybrid organic-molecule/silicon devices. But challenges remain—both in the formation of nanostructures that will constitute the active parts of future devices, and in the construction of commensurately small connecting wires. Atom-by-atom crafting of structures with scanning tunnelling microscopes, although essential to fundamental advances, is too slow for any practical fabrication process; self-assembly approaches may permit rapid fabrication, but lack the ability to control growth location and shape. Furthermore, molecular diffusion on silicon is greatly inhibited, thereby presenting a problem for self-assembly techniques. Here we report an approach for fabricating nanoscale organic structures on silicon surfaces, employing minimal intervention by the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope and a spontaneous self-directed chemical growth process. We demonstrate growth of straight molecular styrene lines—each composed of many organic molecules—and the crystalline silicon substrate determines both the orientation of the lines and the molecular spacing within these lines. This process should, in principle, allow parallel fabrication of identical complex functional structures.
机译:物质纳米级处理技术的进步对于实现具有新功能或高级功能的基于分子的微型设备非常重要。一种特别有前途的方法涉及构建混合有机分子/硅器件。但是挑战仍然存在,既是构成未来设备活跃部分的纳米结构的形成,又是相应的小连接线的构造。用扫描隧道显微镜对结构进行原子逐原子的加工,尽管对于基础技术的进步是必不可少的,但对于任何实际的制造过程而言,它都太慢了。自组装方法可能允许快速制造,但缺乏控制生长位置和形状的能力。此外,极大地抑制了分子​​在硅上的扩散,从而提出了自组装技术的问题。在这里,我们报告了一种在硅表面上制造纳米级有机结构的方法,该方法通过扫描隧道显微镜的尖端和自发的自定向化学生长过程进行最少的干预。我们证明了直链苯乙烯线(每个线都由许多有机分子组成)的生长,而结晶硅衬底决定了线的方向以及这些线内的分子间距。原则上,该过程应允许并行制造相同的复杂功能结构。

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