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Realignment of the flux-line lattice by a change in the symmetry of superconductivity in UPt_3

机译：通过改变UPt_3中的超导对称性重新排列磁通线晶格

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摘要

In 1957, Abrikosov described how quanta of magnetic flux enter the interior of a bulk type Ⅱ superconductor. It was subsequently predicted that, in an isotropic superconductor, the repulsive forces between the flux lines would cause them to order in two dimensions, forming a hexagonal lattice. Flux-line lattices with different geometry can also be found in conventional (type Ⅱ) superconductors; however, the ideal hexagonal lattice structure should always occur when the magnetic field is applied along a hexagonal crystal direction. Here we report measurements of the orientation of the flux-line lattice in the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt_3, for this special case. As the temperature is increased, the hexagonal lattice, which is initially aligned along the crystal symmetry directions, realigns itself with the anisotropic superconducting gap. The superconductivity in UPt_3 is unusual (even compared to unconventional oxide superconductors) because the superconducting gap has a lower rotational symmetry than the crystal structure. This special feature enables our data to demonstrate clearly the link between the microscopic symmetry of the superconductivity and the meso-scopic physics of the flux-line lattice. Moreover, our observations provide a stringent test of the theoretical description of the unconventional superconductivity in UPt_3.
机译：1957年，阿布里科索夫（Abrikosov）描述了磁通量如何进入块状Ⅱ型超导体的内部。随后预测，在各向同性超导体中，磁通线之间的排斥力将导致它们在二维上有序排列，从而形成六边形晶格。在传统的（Ⅱ型）超导体中还可以找到具有不同几何形状的通量线晶格。但是，理想的六角形晶格结构应始终在沿六角形晶体方向施加磁场时出现。在此，对于这种特殊情况，我们报告了重费米子超导体UPt_3中通量线晶格方向的测量结果。随着温度升高，最初沿晶体对称方向排列的六边形晶格将自身重新对准各向异性超导间隙。 UPt_3中的超导性是不寻常的（甚至与非常规氧化物超导体相比），因为超导间隙的旋转对称性低于晶体结构。这一特殊功能使我们的数据能够清楚地证明超导电性的微观对称性与磁通线晶格的介观物理性质之间的联系。此外，我们的观察结果对UPt_3中非常规超导性的理论描述提供了严格的检验。

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