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Clean and green... but are they mean?

机译:干净又绿色...但这是什么意思?

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摘要

The chemical industry has an image problem. Despite progress in reducing pollution — and the efforts of corporate public-relations departments — belching chimneys, poisoned rivers and the risk of fire or explosions remain at the forefront of many people's minds. And as long as chemical plants continue to rely heavily on toxic and flammable organic solvents, these unsavoury images are unlikely to go away. But techniques that eschew noxious organic solvents for more environmentally friendly alternatives are starting to emerge. Leading the way are two unusual materials. One is a hybrid phase of carbon dioxide, known as supercritical CO_2, which displays properties of both a liquid and a gas. The other is a group of ionic liquids — salts that remain molten at room temperature. Ionic liquids have already been successful in a commercial process that is now ready for licensing, and the world's first chemical plants using supercritical carbon dioxide as a reaction solvent should start up next year.
机译:化学工业存在图像问题。尽管在减少污染方面取得了进展,并且在公司公共关系部门的努力下,烟囱抽烟,河流中毒,火灾或爆炸的危险仍然是许多人关注的重点。只要化工厂继续严重依赖有毒和易燃的有机溶剂,这些难闻的图像就不会消失。但是,避免使用有毒有机溶剂替代更环保的替代品的技术开始出现。引领潮流的是两种不同寻常的材料。一种是二氧化碳的混合相,称为超临界CO_2,它显示出液体和气体的特性。另一类是离子液体-在室温下仍保持熔融状态的盐。离子液体已经在商业流程中取得了成功,现在已经准备好许可使用,世界上第一家使用超临界二氧化碳作为反应溶剂的化工厂应该在明年启动。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2000年第6807期|p.938-940|共3页
  • 作者

    David Adam;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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