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Catalytic enantioconvergent coupling of secondary and tertiary electrophiles with olefins

机译:仲和叔亲电体与烯烃的催化对映收敛偶联

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摘要

Carbon-carbon bonds, including those between sp(3)-hybridized carbon atoms (alkyl-alkyl bonds), typically comprise much of the framework of organic molecules. In the case of sp(3)-hybridized carbon, the carbon can be stereogenic and the particular stereochemistry can have implications for structure and function(1-3). As a consequence, the development of methods that simultaneously construct alkyl-alkyl bonds and control stereochemistry is important, although challenging. Here we describe a strategy for enantioselective alkyl-alkyl bond formation, in which a racemic alkyl electrophile is coupled with an olefin in the presence of a hydrosilane, rather than via a traditional electrophile-nucleophile cross-coupling, through the action of a chiral nickel catalyst. We demonstrate that families of racemic alkyl halides-including secondary and tertiary electrophiles, which have not previously been shown to be suitable for enantioconvergent coupling with alkyl metal nucleophiles-cross-couple with olefins with good enantioselectivity and yield under very mild reaction conditions. Given the ready availability of olefins, our approach opens the door to developing more general methods for enantioconvergent alkyl-alkyl coupling.
机译:碳-碳键,包括在sp(3)-杂化碳原子之间的碳-碳键(烷基-烷基键),通常构成有机分子的大部分框架。在sp(3)杂化碳的情况下,该碳可以是立体异构的,特定的立体化学可能会对结构和功能产生影响(1-3)。结果,尽管具有挑战性,但同时构建烷基-烷基键并控制立体化学的方法的开发很重要。在这里,我们描述了形成对映选择性烷基-烷基键的策略,其中外消旋烷基亲电体在氢化硅烷存在下与烯烃偶联,而不是通过手性镍的作用通过传统的亲电亲核体交叉偶联催化剂。我们证明外消旋烷基卤化物的家族,包括仲和叔亲电体,以前没有显示适合与烷基金属亲核体的对映体对合偶联-与烯烃的对偶交联以及在非常温和的反应条件下具有良好的对映选择性和产率。鉴于烯烃的可用性,我们的方法为开发对映聚合烷基-烷基偶联的更通用方法打开了大门。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2018年第7731期|379-383|共5页
  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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