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TOX is a critical regulator of tumour-specific T cell differentiation

机译:TOX是肿瘤特异性T细胞分化的关键调节剂

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摘要

Tumour-specific CD8 T cell dysfunction is a differentiation state that is distinct from the functional effector or memory T cell states(1-6). Here we identify the nuclear factor TOX as a crucial regulator of the differentiation of tumour-specific T (TST) cells. We show that TOX is highly expressed in dysfunctional TST cells from tumours and in exhausted T cells during chronic viral infection. Expression of TOX is driven by chronic T cell receptor stimulation and NFAT activation. Ectopic expression of TOX in effector T cells in vitro induced a transcriptional program associated with T cell exhaustion. Conversely, deletion of Tox in TST cells in tumours abrogated the exhaustion program: Tox-deleted TST cells did not upregulate genes for inhibitory receptors (such as Pdcd1, Entpd1, Havcr2, Cd244 and Tigit), the chromatin of which remained largely inaccessible, and retained high expression of transcription factors such as TCF-1. Despite their normal, 'non-exhausted' immunophenotype, Tox-deleted TST cells remained dysfunctional, which suggests that the regulation of expression of inhibitory receptors is uncoupled from the loss of effector function. Notably, although Tox-deleted CD8 T cells differentiated normally to effector and memory states in response to acute infection, Tox-deleted TST cells failed to persist in tumours. We hypothesize that the TOX-induced exhaustion program serves to prevent the overstimulation of T cells and activation-induced cell death in settings of chronic antigen stimulation such as cancer.
机译:肿瘤特异性CD8 T细胞功能异常是一种分化状态,不同于功能性效应器或记忆T细胞状态(1-6)。在这里,我们确定核因子TOX是肿瘤特异性T(TST)细胞分化的关键调节剂。我们表明在慢性病毒感染过程中,TOX在功能异常的TST细胞中从肿瘤和疲惫的T细胞中高度表达。 TOX的表达受慢性T细胞受体刺激和NFAT激活的驱动。 TOX异位表达在体外效应T细胞中诱导了与T细胞衰竭相关的转录程序。相反,肿瘤中TST细胞中Tox的缺失废除了精疲力尽的程序:删除Tox的TST细胞不会上调抑制性受体(如Pdcd1,Entpd1,Havcr2,Cd244和Tigit)的基因,而它们的染色质仍然难以接近,并且保留了TCF-1等转录因子的高表达。尽管具有正常的,“未用尽”的免疫表型,但已删除Tox的TST细胞仍然功能异常,这表明抑制性受体表达的调节与效应器功能的丧失无关。值得注意的是,尽管Tox缺失的CD8 T细胞在对急性感染的反应中正常分化为效应子和记忆状态,但Tox缺失的TST细胞未能在肿瘤中持续存在。我们假设在慢性抗原刺激(例如癌症)的环境中,TOX诱导的力竭程序可防止T细胞过度刺激和激活诱导的细胞死亡。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7764期|270-274|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, New York, NY USA|Weill Cornell Med, Appl Bioinformat Core, New York, NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, New York, NY USA|Weill Cornell Med, Appl Bioinformat Core, New York, NY USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Ctr Cell Engn, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Ctr Cell Engn, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, New York, NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Ctr Cell Engn, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Med, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY USA;

    New York Presbyterian Hosp, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Weill Cornell Med, New York, NY USA;

    Aduro Biotech Inc, Berkeley, CA USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY USA;

    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Biomed Sci, Res Div Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA;

    Weill Cornell Med, Appl Bioinformat Core, New York, NY USA|Weill Cornell Med, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, New York, NY USA|Weill Cornell Med, Inst Computat Biomed, New York, NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Nashville, TN USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Immunol Program, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY USA|Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10017 USA;

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