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TOX is a critical regulator of tumour-specific T cell differentiation

机译:TOX是肿瘤特异性T细胞分化的关键调节因子

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摘要

Tumour-specific CD8 T cell dysfunction is a differentiation state that is distinct from the functional effector or memory T cell states(1-6). Here we identify the nuclear factor TOX as a crucial regulator of the differentiation of tumour-specific T (TST) cells. We show that TOX is highly expressed in dysfunctional TST cells from tumours and in exhausted T cells during chronic viral infection. Expression of TOX is driven by chronic T cell receptor stimulation and NFAT activation. Ectopic expression of TOX in effector T cells in vitro induced a transcriptional program associated with T cell exhaustion. Conversely, deletion of Tox in TST cells in tumours abrogated the exhaustion program: Tox-deleted TST cells did not upregulate genes for inhibitory receptors (such as Pdcd1, Entpd1, Havcr2, Cd244 and Tigit), the chromatin of which remained largely inaccessible, and retained high expression of transcription factors such as TCF-1. Despite their normal, 'non-exhausted' immunophenotype, Tox-deleted TST cells remained dysfunctional, which suggests that the regulation of expression of inhibitory receptors is uncoupled from the loss of effector function. Notably, although Tox-deleted CD8 T cells differentiated normally to effector and memory states in response to acute infection, Tox-deleted TST cells failed to persist in tumours. We hypothesize that the TOX-induced exhaustion program serves to prevent the overstimulation of T cells and activation-induced cell death in settings of chronic antigen stimulation such as cancer.
机译:肿瘤特异性CD8 T细胞功能障碍是不同于功能效应器或存储器T细胞状态(1-6)的分化状态。在这里,我们将核因子Tox鉴定为肿瘤特异性T(TST)细胞分化的关键调节因子。我们表明TOX在慢性病毒感染期间,在肿瘤中的功能障碍TST细胞和耗尽的T细胞中高度表达。 Tox的表达由慢性T细胞受体刺激和NFAT活化驱动。在效应器T细胞中富含TOX的异位表达诱导与T细胞耗尽相关的转录程序。相反,肿瘤中TST细胞中的TOX缺失废除耗尽程序:TOX缺失的TST细胞没有上调抑制受体的基因(例如PDCD1,ENTPD1,HAVCR2,CD244和TIGIT),其染色质仍然很大难以进入,并且保留高表达转录因子,如TCF-1。尽管它们正常,“非耗尽的”免疫蛋白型,Tox缺失的TST细胞残留功能障碍,这表明抑制剂受体表达的调节因效应函数的损失而不是耦合。值得注意的是,尽管毒素缺失的CD8 T细胞通常与急性感染响应急性感染的效应和记忆状态分化,但是TOX缺失的TST细胞未能持续存在于肿瘤中。我们假设Tox诱导的耗尽程序用于防止T细胞的过度刺激T细胞和活化诱导的细胞死亡在诸如癌症的慢性抗原刺激的环境中。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7764期|270-274|共5页
  • 作者单位

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program New York NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Med Dept Physiol & Biophys New York NY USA|Weill Cornell Med Appl Bioinformat Core New York NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Med Dept Physiol & Biophys New York NY USA|Weill Cornell Med Appl Bioinformat Core New York NY USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy New York NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Ctr Cell Engn 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy New York NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Ctr Cell Engn 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll New York NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Dept Physiol & Biophys New York NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program New York NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy New York NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy New York NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Ctr Cell Engn 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll New York NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Pathol 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy New York NY 10017 USA|Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Dept Med 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll New York NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program New York NY USA|Weill Cornell Med Coll Dept Dermatol New York NY USA;

    Weill Cornell Med Coll Dept Dermatol New York NY USA;

    New York Presbyterian Hosp Dept Cardiothorac Surg Weill Cornell Med New York NY USA;

    Aduro Biotech Inc Berkeley CA USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program New York NY USA;

    Cedars Sinai Med Ctr Dept Biomed Sci Res Div Immunol Los Angeles CA 90048 USA;

    Weill Cornell Med Appl Bioinformat Core New York NY USA|Weill Cornell Med Dept Med Div Hematol & Med Oncol New York NY USA|Weill Cornell Med Inst Computat Biomed New York NY USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Vanderbilt Univ Med Ctr Dept Med Div Hematol & Oncol Nashville TN USA;

    Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Immunol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10021 USA|Weill Cornell Grad Sch Med Sci Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Program New York NY USA|Parker Inst Canc Immunotherapy New York NY 10017 USA;

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