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Tracking the precession of single nuclear spins by weak measurements

机译:通过微弱的测量跟踪单核自旋的进动

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for analysing the structure and function of molecules, and for performing three-dimensional imaging of their spin densities. At the heart of NMR spectrometers is the detection of electromagnetic radiation, in the form of a free induction decay signal(1), generated by nuclei precessing around an applied magnetic field. Whereas conventional NMR requires signals from 10(12) or more nuclei, recent advances in sensitive magnetometry(2,3) have dramatically lowered the required number of nuclei to a level where a few or even individual nuclear spins can be detected(4-6). It is unclear whether continuous detection of the free induction decay can still be applied at the single-spin level, or whether quantum back-action (the effect that a detector has on the measurement itself) modifies or suppresses the NMR response. Here we report the tracking of single nuclear spin precession using periodic weak measurements(7-9). Our experimental system consists of nuclear spins in diamond that are weakly interacting with the electronic spin of a nearby nitrogen vacancy centre, acting as an optically readable meter qubit. We observe and minimize two important effects of quantum back-action: measurement-induced decoherence(10) and frequency synchronization with the sampling clock(11,12). We use periodic weak measurements to demonstrate sensitive, high-resolution NMR spectroscopy of multiple nuclear spins with a priori unknown frequencies. Our method may provide a useful route to single-molecule NMR13,14 at atomic resolution.
机译:核磁共振(NMR)光谱技术是一种强大的技术,可用于分析分子的结构和功能,并对其分子的自旋密度进行三维成像。 NMR光谱仪的核心是检测电磁辐射,其形式为自由感应衰变信号(1),它是由原子核围绕所施加的磁场进动而产生的。常规NMR需要来自10(12)个或更多原子核的信号,而灵敏磁法学的最新进展(2,3)已将所需的原子核数目大大降低到可以检测到几个甚至单个核自旋的水平(4-6) )。尚不清楚是否仍可以在单旋水平上连续检测自由感应衰变,还是量子反作用(检测器对测量本身的影响)是否改变或抑制了NMR响应。在这里我们报告使用周期性的弱测量来跟踪单核自旋进动(7-9)。我们的实验系统由钻石中的核自旋组成,这些核自旋与附近的氮空位中心的电子自旋弱相互作用,充当光学可读的米量子位。我们观察并最小化了量子反作用的两个重要影响:测量引起的退相干(10)和与采样时钟的频率同步(11,12)。我们使用定期的弱测量来证明具有先验未知频率的多个核自旋的灵敏,高分辨率NMR光谱。我们的方法可能为原子分辨率的单分子NMR13,14提供有用的途径。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7764期|230-233|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Zurich, Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Zurich, Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Zurich, Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Zurich, Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Zurich, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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