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Tracking the precession of single nuclear spins by weak measurements

机译:通过弱测量跟踪单核旋转的动力

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摘要

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for analysing the structure and function of molecules, and for performing three-dimensional imaging of their spin densities. At the heart of NMR spectrometers is the detection of electromagnetic radiation, in the form of a free induction decay signal(1), generated by nuclei precessing around an applied magnetic field. Whereas conventional NMR requires signals from 10(12) or more nuclei, recent advances in sensitive magnetometry(2,3) have dramatically lowered the required number of nuclei to a level where a few or even individual nuclear spins can be detected(4-6). It is unclear whether continuous detection of the free induction decay can still be applied at the single-spin level, or whether quantum back-action (the effect that a detector has on the measurement itself) modifies or suppresses the NMR response. Here we report the tracking of single nuclear spin precession using periodic weak measurements(7-9). Our experimental system consists of nuclear spins in diamond that are weakly interacting with the electronic spin of a nearby nitrogen vacancy centre, acting as an optically readable meter qubit. We observe and minimize two important effects of quantum back-action: measurement-induced decoherence(10) and frequency synchronization with the sampling clock(11,12). We use periodic weak measurements to demonstrate sensitive, high-resolution NMR spectroscopy of multiple nuclear spins with a priori unknown frequencies. Our method may provide a useful route to single-molecule NMR13,14 at atomic resolution.
机译:核磁共振(NMR)光谱是一种强大的技术,用于分析分子的结构和功能,并用于执行其旋转密度的三维成像。在NMR光谱仪的核心是检测电磁辐射,以自由感应衰减信号(1)的形式,由施加的磁场周围的核产生产生。虽然常规NMR需要来自10(12)或更多核的信号,但敏感磁体(2,3)的最近进步已经大大降低了可以检测到几种甚至单个核旋转的水平所需的核数(4-6 )。目前尚不清楚仍然可以在单旋转水平上施加无线检测的无线检测,或者是否在单旋转水平上施加量(探测器对测量器上的效果)修改或抑制NMR响应。在这里,我们使用周期性弱测量(7-9)报告单一核自旋预源的跟踪。我们的实验系统由钻石中的核旋转组成,与附近的附近氮空位中心的电子旋转弱相互作用,作为光学可读的仪表QUBit。我们观察并最大限度地减少量子返回 - 动作的两个重要效果:测量引起的去渗(10)和与采样时钟(11,12)的频率同步。我们使用周期性弱测量来展示多个核旋转的敏感,高分辨率NMR光谱,具有先验的未知频率。我们的方法可以在原子分辨率下提供给单分子NMR13,14的有用途径。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7764期|230-233|共4页
  • 作者单位

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Phys Zurich Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Phys Zurich Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Phys Zurich Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Phys Zurich Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Phys Zurich Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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