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Industrial-era decline in subarctic Atlantic productivity

机译：工业时代北极亚大西洋生产力的下降

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摘要

Marine phytoplankton have a crucial role in the modulation of marine-based food webs(1), fishery yields(2) and the global drawdown of atmospheric carbon dioxide(3). However, owing to sparse measurements before satellite monitoring in the twenty-first century, the long-term response of planktonic stocks to climate forcing is unknown. Here, using a continuous, multi-century record of subarctic Atlantic marine productivity, we show that a marked 10 +/- 7% decline in net primary productivity has occurred across this highly productive ocean basin over the past two centuries. We support this conclusion by the application of a marine-productivity proxy, established using the signal of the planktonic-derived aerosol methanesulfonic acid, which is commonly identified across an array of Greenlandic ice cores. Using contemporaneous satellite-era observations, we demonstrate the use of this signal as a robust and high-resolution proxy for past variations in spatially integrated marine productivity. We show that the initiation of declining subarctic Atlantic productivity broadly coincides with the onset of Arctic surface warming(4), and that productivity strongly covaries with regional sea-surface temperatures and basin-wide gyre circulation strength over recent decades. Taken together, our results suggest that the decline in industrial-era productivity may be evidence of the predicted(5) collapse of northern Atlantic planktonic stocks in response to a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(6-8). Continued weakening of this Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, as projected for the twenty-first century(9,10), may therefore result in further productivity declines across this globally relevant region.
机译：海洋浮游植物在调节海洋食物网（1），渔业产量（2）和全球二氧化碳排放量（3）方面起着至关重要的作用。但是，由于在二十一世纪进行卫星监测之前测量稀疏，因此尚不清楚浮游种群对气候强迫的长期反应。在这里，使用连续不断的跨世纪大西洋亚大西洋海洋生产力记录，我们发现在过去两个世纪中，这个高产海洋盆地的净初级生产力显着下降了10 +/- 7％。我们通过应用海洋生产力替代品来支持这一结论，该替代品是使用浮游生物气溶胶甲磺酸的信号建立的，该信号通常在一系列格陵兰冰芯中被发现。利用同期的卫星时代观测，我们证明了该信号作为过去空间综合海洋生产力变化的可靠且高分辨率的代表。我们发现，北极亚大西洋生产力下降的开始与北极地表变暖的开始大致吻合（4），并且近几十年来生产力与区域海表温度和盆地范围内的回旋环流强度密切相关。综上所述，我们的结果表明，工业时代生产力的下降可能是大西洋大西洋子午翻转环流减弱（6-8）的预测（5）北大西洋浮游生物种群崩溃的证据。正如二十一世纪的预测（9,10）所预测的那样，这种大西洋子午线翻转循环的持续减弱可能会导致该全球相关地区生产力进一步下降。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2019年第7757期|551-555|共5页
  • 作者

    Osman Matthew B.; Das Sarah B.; Trusel Luke D.; Evans Matthew J.; Fischer Hubertus; Grieman Mackenzie M.; Kipfstuhl Sepp; McConnell Joseph R.; Saltzman Eric S.;

  • 作者单位

    Massachusetts Inst Technol & Woods Hole Oceanog I, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA;

    Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA;

    Rowan Univ, Dept Geol, Glassboro, NJ USA;

    Wheaton Coll, Dept Chem, Norton, MA 02766 USA;

    Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland|Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland;

    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA;

    Alfred Wegener Inst, Bremerhaven, Germany;

    Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV USA;

    Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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