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NLRP3 inflammasome activation drives tau pathology

机译:NLRP3炎症小体激活驱动tau病理

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Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta in plaques, aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation, together resulting in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline(1). The NLRP3 inflammasome assembles inside of microglia on activation, leading to increased cleavage and activity of caspase-1 and downstream interleukin-1 beta release(2). Although the NLRP3 inflammasome has been shown to be essential for the development and progression of amyloid-beta pathology in mice(3), the precise effect on tau pathology remains unknown. Here we show that loss of NLRP3 inflammasome function reduced tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation by regulating tau kinases and phosphatases. Tau activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and intracerebral injection of fibrillar amyloid-beta-containing brain homogenates induced tau pathology in an NLRP3-dependent manner. These data identify an important role of microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of tauopathies and support the amyloid-cascade hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease, demonstrating that neurofibrillary tangles develop downstream of amyloid-beta-induced microglial activation.
机译:阿尔茨海默氏病的特征是斑块中淀粉样β的积累,神经原纤维缠结中过磷酸化tau的聚集和神经发炎,共同导致神经变性和认知能力下降(1)。 NLRP3炎性小体在激活时在小胶质细胞内部组装,导致caspase-1的切割和活性增加以及下游白介素-1β释放(2)。尽管已经证明NLRP3炎性小体对于小鼠淀粉样β病理学的发展和进展至关重要(3),但对tau病理学的确切作用仍然未知。在这里我们显示,NLRP3炎性体功能的丧失通过调节tau激酶和磷酸酶降低了tau过度磷酸化和聚集。 Tau激活NLRP3炎性体,脑内注射含原纤维淀粉样β的脑匀浆以NLRP3依赖性方式诱导tau病理。这些数据确定了小胶质细胞和NLRP3炎性小体激活在taopathies发病机理中的重要作用,并支持阿尔茨海默氏病的淀粉样蛋白级联假说,表明神经原纤维缠结在淀粉样蛋白-β诱导的小胶质细胞激活的下游发展。

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