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Multiple wheat genomes reveal global variation in modern breeding

机译：多个小麦基因组揭示了现代育种的全球变异

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摘要

Comparison of multiple genome assemblies from wheat reveals extensive diversity that results from the complex breeding history of wheat and provides a basis for further potential improvements to this important food crop.Advances in genomics have expedited the improvement of several agriculturally important crops but similar efforts in wheat (Triticum spp.) have been more challenging. This is largely owing to the size and complexity of the wheat genome(1), and the lack of genome-assembly data for multiple wheat lines(2,3). Here we generated ten chromosome pseudomolecule and five scaffold assemblies of hexaploid wheat to explore the genomic diversity among wheat lines from global breeding programs. Comparative analysis revealed extensive structural rearrangements, introgressions from wild relatives and differences in gene content resulting from complex breeding histories aimed at improving adaptation to diverse environments, grain yield and quality, and resistance to stresses(4,5). We provide examples outlining the utility of these genomes, including a detailed multi-genome-derived nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein repertoire involved in disease resistance and the characterization of Sm1(6), a gene associated with insect resistance. These genome assemblies will provide a basis for functional gene discovery and breeding to deliver the next generation of modern wheat cultivars.
机译：来自小麦的多种基因组大会的比较揭示了大小的复杂育种历史，为进一步的粮食作物提供了进一步的潜在改善的基础。基因组学的进一步促进了几种农业的农作物，而是在小麦中的努力。 （Triticum SPP。）已经更具挑战性。这主要是由于小麦基因组（1）的大小和复杂性，以及多个小麦线的基因组组装数据（2,3）。在这里，我们生成了十种染色体假染色体和五个六倍体小麦的支架组件，从全球育种计划中探索小麦系中的基因组多样性。比较分析揭示了广泛的结构重排，来自野生亲属的血栓增生和基因含量的差异，其旨在改善对各种环境，籽粒产量和质量的适应性，以及对应力的抵抗力（4,5）。我们提供了概述这些基因组的效用的示例，包括参与抗病性和SM1（6）的表征的详细的多基因组衍生的核苷酸结合蛋白质曲目，以及与抗虫相关的基因。这些基因组组件将为功能基因发现和育种提供依据，以提供下一代现代小麦品种。

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  • 来源
    《Nature》 |2020年第7837期|277-283|共7页
  • 作者

    Walkowiak Sean; Gao Liangliang; Monat Cecile; Haberer Georg; Kassa Mulualem T.; Brinton Jemima; Ramirez-Gonzalez Ricardo H.; Kolodziej Markus C.; Delorean Emily; Thambugala Dinushika; Klymiuk Valentyna; Byrns Brook; Gundlach Heidrun; Bandi Venkat; Siri Jorge Nunez; Nilsen Kirby; Aquino Catharine; Himmelbach Axel; Copetti Dario; Ban Tomohiro; Venturini Luca; Bevan Michael; Clavijo Bernardo; Koo Dal-Hoe; Ens Jennifer; Wiebe Krystalee; NDiaye Amidou; Fritz Allen K.; Gutwin Carl; Fiebig Anne; Fosker Christine; Fu Bin Xiao; Accinelli Gonzalo Garcia; Gardner Keith A.; Fradgley Nick; Gutierrez-Gonzalez Juan; Halstead-Nussloch Gwyneth; Hatakeyama Masaomi; Koh Chu Shin; Deek Jasline; Costamagna Alejandro C.; Fobert Pierre; Heavens Darren; Kanamori Hiroyuki; Kawaura Kanako; Kobayashi Fuminori; Krasileva Ksenia; Kuo Tony; McKenzie Neil; Murata Kazuki; Nabeka Yusuke; Paape Timothy; Padmarasu Sudharsan; Percival-Alwyn Lawrence; Kagale Sateesh; Scholz Uwe; Sese Jun; Juliana Philomin; Singh Ravi; Shimizu-Inatsugi Rie; Swarbreck David; Cockram James; Budak Hikmet; Tameshige Toshiaki; Tanaka Tsuyoshi; Tsuji Hiroyuki; Wright Jonathan; Wu Jianzhong; Steuernagel Burkhard; Small Ian; Cloutier Sylvie; Keeble-Gagnere Gabriel; Muehlbauer Gary; Tibbets Josquin; Nasuda Shuhei; Melonek Joanna; Hucl Pierre J.; Sharpe Andrew G.; Clark Matthew; Legg Erik; Bharti Arvind; Langridge Peter; Hall Anthony; Uauy Cristobal; Mascher Martin; Krattinger Simon G.; Handa Hirokazu; Shimizu Kentaro K.; Distelfeld Assaf; Chalmers Ken; Keller Beat; Mayer Klaus F. X.; Poland Jesse; Stein Nils; McCartney Curt A.; Spannagl Manuel; Wicker Thomas; Pozniak Curtis J.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada|Canadian Grain Commiss Grain Res Lab Winnipeg MB Canada;

    Kansas State Univ Dept Plant Pathol Throckmorton Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany;

    German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen Neuherberg Germany;

    Natl Res Council Canada Aquat & Crop Resource Dev Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Norwich Res Pk John Innes Ctr Norwich Norfolk England;

    Norwich Res Pk John Innes Ctr Norwich Norfolk England;

    Univ Zurich Dept Plant & Microbial Biol Zurich Switzerland;

    Kansas State Univ Dept Plant Pathol Throckmorton Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada Morden Res & Dev Ctr Morden MB Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

    German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen Neuherberg Germany;

    Univ Saskatchewan Dept Comp Sci Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Dept Comp Sci Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada|Agr & Agri Food Canada Brandon Res & Dev Ctr Brandon MB Canada;

    Funct Genom Ctr Zurich Genom Transcript Grp Zurich Switzerland;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany;

    Univ Zurich Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies Zurich Switzerland|ETHZ Inst Agr Sci Zurich Switzerland;

    Yokohama City Univ Kihara Inst Biol Res Yokohama Kanagawa Japan;

    Nat Hist Museum Life Sci Dept London England;

    Norwich Res Pk John Innes Ctr Norwich Norfolk England;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    Kansas State Univ Dept Plant Pathol Throckmorton Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Kansas State Univ Dept Plant Pathol Throckmorton Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA;

    Univ Saskatchewan Dept Comp Sci Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    Canadian Grain Commiss Grain Res Lab Winnipeg MB Canada;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    NIAB John Bingham Lab Cambridge England;

    NIAB John Bingham Lab Cambridge England;

    Univ Minnesota Dept Agron & Plant Genet St Paul MN 55108 USA;

    Univ Zurich Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies Zurich Switzerland;

    Funct Genom Ctr Zurich Genom Transcript Grp Zurich Switzerland|Univ Zurich Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies Zurich Switzerland;

    Univ Saskatchewan Global Inst Food Secur Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Tel Aviv Univ Sch Plant Sci & Food Secur Ramat Aviv Israel;

    Univ Manitoba Dept Entomol Winnipeg MB Canada;

    Natl Res Council Canada Aquat & Crop Resource Dev Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    NARO Inst Crop Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan;

    Yokohama City Univ Kihara Inst Biol Res Yokohama Kanagawa Japan;

    NARO Inst Crop Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    Univ Guelph Ctr Biodivers Genom Guelph ON Canada|Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tokyo Japan;

    Norwich Res Pk John Innes Ctr Norwich Norfolk England;

    Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Agr Lab Plant Genet Kyoto Japan;

    Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Agr Lab Plant Genet Kyoto Japan;

    Univ Zurich Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies Zurich Switzerland;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany;

    NIAB John Bingham Lab Cambridge England;

    Natl Res Council Canada Aquat & Crop Resource Dev Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany;

    Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tokyo Japan|Humanome Lab Tokyo Japan;

    Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT Global Wheat Program Texcoco Mexico;

    Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT Global Wheat Program Texcoco Mexico;

    Univ Zurich Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies Zurich Switzerland;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    NIAB John Bingham Lab Cambridge England;

    Montana BioAg Missoula MT USA;

    Yokohama City Univ Kihara Inst Biol Res Yokohama Kanagawa Japan;

    NARO Inst Crop Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan;

    Yokohama City Univ Kihara Inst Biol Res Yokohama Kanagawa Japan;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    NARO Inst Crop Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan;

    Norwich Res Pk John Innes Ctr Norwich Norfolk England;

    Univ Western Australia Sch Mol Sci Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol Perth WA Australia;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada Ottawa Res & Dev Ctr Ottawa ON Canada;

    Ctr AgriBiosci AgriBio Agr Victoria Bundoora Vic Australia;

    Univ Minnesota Dept Agron & Plant Genet St Paul MN 55108 USA;

    Ctr AgriBiosci AgriBio Agr Victoria Bundoora Vic Australia;

    Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Agr Lab Plant Genet Kyoto Japan;

    Univ Western Australia Sch Mol Sci Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol Perth WA Australia;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Univ Saskatchewan Global Inst Food Secur Saskatoon SK Canada;

    Nat Hist Museum Life Sci Dept London England;

    Syngenta Durham NC USA;

    Syngenta Durham NC USA;

    Univ Adelaide Sch Agr Food & Wine Adelaide SA Australia;

    Norwich Res Pk Earlham Inst Norwich Norfolk England;

    Norwich Res Pk John Innes Ctr Norwich Norfolk England;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany|German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv Leipzig Germany;

    Univ Zurich Dept Plant & Microbial Biol Zurich Switzerland|King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol Biol & Environm Sci & Engn Div Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    NARO Inst Crop Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan|Kyoto Prefectural Univ Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci Kyoto Japan;

    Univ Zurich Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies Zurich Switzerland|Yokohama City Univ Kihara Inst Biol Res Yokohama Kanagawa Japan;

    Univ Haifa Inst Evolut Haifa Israel|Univ Haifa Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol Haifa Israel;

    Univ Adelaide Sch Agr Food & Wine Adelaide SA Australia;

    Univ Zurich Dept Plant & Microbial Biol Zurich Switzerland;

    German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen Neuherberg Germany|Tech Univ Munich Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan Freising Weihenstephan Germany;

    Kansas State Univ Dept Plant Pathol Throckmorton Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA;

    Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res IPK Gat Seeland Germany|Georg August Univ Gottingen Ctr Integrated Breeding Res CiBreed Gottingen Germany;

    Agr & Agri Food Canada Morden Res & Dev Ctr Morden MB Canada;

    German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen Neuherberg Germany;

    Univ Zurich Dept Plant & Microbial Biol Zurich Switzerland;

    Univ Saskatchewan Crop Dev Ctr Saskatoon SK Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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