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Observation of quasiparticles with one-fifth of an electron's charge

机译：用电子电荷的五分之一观察准粒子

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The fractional quantum Hall effect occurs in the conduction properties of a two-dimensional electron gas subjected to a strong perpendicular magnetic field. In this regime, the Hall conductance shows plateaux, or fractional states, at rational fractional multiples of e~2/h, where e is the charge of an electron and h is Planck's constant. The explanation of this behaviour invokes strong Coulomb interactions among the electrons that give rise to fractionally charged quasiparticles which can be regarded as non-interacting current carriers. Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of quasiparticles with one-third of an electron's charge, the same fraction as that of the respective fractional state. An outstanding ambiguity is therefore whether these studies measured the charge or the conductance. Here we report the observation of quasiparticles with a charge of e/5 in the 2/5 fractional state, from measurements of shot noise in a two-dimensional electron gas. Our results imply that charge can be measured independently of conductance in the fractional quantum Hall regime, generalizing previous observations of fractionally charged quasiparticles.
机译：分数量子霍尔效应发生在经受强垂直磁场的二维电子气的传导特性中。在这种情况下，霍尔电导以e〜2 / h的合理分数倍数显示平稳态或分数态，其中e是电子的电荷，h是普朗克常数。这种行为的解释引起电子之间强大的库仑相互作用，从而产生带分数电荷的准粒子，这些粒子可被视为非相互作用的载流子。先前的研究表明存在具有三分之一电子电荷的准粒子，该分数与各个分数态的分数相同。因此，一个突出的歧义是这些研究是测量电荷还是电导。在这里，我们从二维电子气中散粒噪声的测量报告了在2/5分数状态下电荷为e / 5的准粒子的观察结果。我们的结果表明，电荷可以独立于分数量子霍尔机制中的电导来测量，从而可以概括先前对分数带电准粒子的观察。

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