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Symmetry in Iocomotor central pattern generators and animal gaits

机译:运动控制中心模式发生器和动物步态的对称性

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Animal locomotion is controlled, in part, by a central pattern generator (CPG), which is an intraspinal network of neurons capable of generating a rhythmic output. The spatio-temporal symmetries of the quadrupedal gaits walk, trot and pace lead to plausible assumptions about the symmetries of locomotor CPGs. These assumptions imply that the CPG of a quadruped should consist of eight nominally identical subcircuits, arranged in an essentially unique matter. Here we apply analogous arguments to myriapod CPGs. Analyses based on symmetry applied to these networks lead to testable predictions, including a distinction between primary and secondary gaits, the existence of a new primary gait called 'jump', and the occurrence of half-integer wave numbers in myriapod gaits. For bipeds, our analysis also predicts two gaits with the out-of-phase symmetry of the walk and two gaits with the in-phase symmetry of the hop. We present data that support each of these predictions. This work suggests that symmetry can be used to infer a plausible class of CPG network architectures from observed patterns of animal gaits.
机译:动物的运动部分受中央模式发生器(CPG)的控制,CPG是神经元的脊髓内网络,能够产生有节奏的输出。四足步态行走,小跑和步态的时空对称导致对运动性CPG对称性的合理假设。这些假设表明,四足动物的CPG应该由八个名义上完全相同的子电路组成,并以本质上唯一的方式排列。在这里,我们将类似的论点应用于无足动物CPG。基于应用于这些网络的对称性的分析可得出可预测的预测,包括主步态和次步态之间的区别,称为“跳跃”的新主步态的存在以及多足步态中半整数波数的出现。对于两足动物,我们的分析还预测了步行具有异相对称性的两个步态和跃点具有同相对称性的两个步态。我们提供支持这些预测的数据。这项工作表明,对称性可用于从观察到的动物步态模式推断出合理的CPG网络体系。

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