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A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda (see comments)

机译:线虫门的分子进化框架(见评论)

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Nematodes are important: parasitic nematodes threaten the health of plants, animals and humans on a global scale; interstitial nematodes pervade sediment and soil ecosystems in overwhelming numbers; and Caenorhabditis elegans is a favourite experimental model system. A lack of clearly homologous characters and the absence of an informative fossil record have prevented us from deriving a consistent evolutionary framework for the phylum. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis, using 53 small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences from a wide range of nematodes. With this analysis, we can compare animal-parasitic, plant-parasitic and free-living taxa using a common measurement. Our results indicate that convergent morphological evolution may be extensive and that present higher-level classification of the Nematoda will need revision. We identify five major clades within the phylum, all of which include parasitic species. We suggest that animal parasitism arose independently at least four times, and plant parasitism three times. We clarify the relationship of C. elegans to major parasitic groups; this will allow more effective exploitation of our genetic and biological knowledge of this model species.
机译:线虫很重要:寄生线虫在全球范围内威胁着植物,动物和人类的健康。间隙线虫大量侵入沉积物和土壤生态系统;秀丽隐杆线虫是最喜欢的实验模型系统。缺乏明显同源的特征和缺乏丰富的化石记录,使我们无法为门形成一致的进化框架。在这里,我们提出了系统发育分析,使用了来自广泛线虫的53个小亚基核糖体DNA序列。通过这种分析,我们可以使用常见的测量方法比较动物寄生,植物寄生和自由生存的分类单元。我们的结果表明,收敛的形态演化可能是广泛的,目前线虫纲的更高分类将需要修改。我们确定了门内的五个主要进化枝,所有进化枝都包括寄生虫种。我们建议动物寄生虫至少独立出现四次,而植物寄生虫至少出现三次。我们阐明秀丽隐杆线虫与主要寄生虫群的关系。这样可以更有效地利用我们对该模型物种的遗传和生物学知识。

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