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Superconductivity in a two-dimensional electron gas

机译：二维电子气中的超导

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In a series of recent experiments, Kravchenko and colleagues observed unexpectedly that a two-dimensional electron gas in zero magnetic field can become conducting at low temperatures: the two-dimensionality was imposed by confining the electron gas to the interface between two semiconductors. The observation of this conducting phase is surprising, as the conventional theory of metals precludes the existences of a metallic state at zero temperature in two dimensions. Nevertheless, there are now several experiments confirming the existence of the new conducting phase in dilute two-dimensional electron gases in zero magnetic field. Here we argue, on the basis of an analysis of these experiments and general theoretical grounds, that this phase is in fact a superconductor with an inhomogeneous charge density.
机译：在最近的一系列实验中，Kravchenko及其同事出乎意料地观察到零磁场中的二维电子气可以在低温下传导：通过将电子气限制在两个半导体之间的界面而施加了二维性。由于传统的金属理论排除了二维零温度下金属态的存在，因此观察到该导电相是令人惊讶的。然而，现在有一些实验证实了零磁场中稀二维电子气中新的导电相的存在。在这里，我们基于对这些实验和一般理论基础的分析，认为该相实际上是具有不均匀电荷密度的超导体。

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