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Imperfect fluids and Inheritance

机译:不完美的液体和传承

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摘要

The materials that surround us are far from perfect. The polymer molecules that make up the plastics we use to contain our drinks, to mould computer casings and to formulate hair sprays are irregular in both size and shape. Similarly, the latex particles in house paints have a broad distribution of size, surface charge and chemical composition. Even our automotive fuels and lubricants are not simple fluids, but complicated mixtures of linear, branched and aromatic hydrocarbon molecules. When these molecular, chemical and structural irregularities are slight, such 'complex fluids' usually have a single phase, which looks homogeneous and is often transparent. Greater irregularity, however, makes a fluid separate into more than one phase, such as the oil and water in salad dressings. Reporting in Physical Review Letters, Evans, Fairhurst and Poon have now derived equations that describe how the disorder in complex fluids partitions among the phases. Their equations are applicable to fields as diverse as petroleum refining and toiletries, as well as to the design of paints, coatings and plastics.
机译:我们周围的材料远非完美。用于容纳饮料,塑造计算机外壳和配制发胶的塑料的聚合物分子在大小和形状上都是不规则的。同样,房屋涂料中的乳胶颗粒具有广泛的尺寸,表面电荷和化学成分分布。甚至我们的汽车燃料和润滑剂也不是简单的流体,而是线性,支链和芳烃分子的复杂混合物。当这些分子,化学和结构上的不规则现象很轻微时,此类“复杂流体”通常只有一个相,看起来很均匀并且通常是透明的。但是,更大的不规则性会使流体分离成一个以上的相,例如色拉调料中的油和水。埃文斯(Evans),费尔赫斯特(Fairhurst)和潘恩(Poon)在《物理评论快报》上的报告中,现已推导出了描述复杂流体中的无序状态如何在各相之间分配的方程。他们的方程式适用于各种领域,例如炼油和洗护用品,以及油漆,涂料和塑料的设计。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1998年第6700期|p.323-324|共2页
  • 作者

    Glenn H. Fredrickson;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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